Language is based on Divine Revelation
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Bismillahi Arrahmani Arraheem
In the name of Allah, the Most-Beneficient, the Most-MercifulAnd He taught Adam all the names, then showed them to the angels, saying Inform me of the names of these, if ye are truthful. (Al-Baqarah 231)
The language in which the Malaikah (Angels) spoke to Allah was a limited language, whatever limited knowledge they possess is from Allah (232). Allah says He taught Adam all the names of things, how to pronounce those words and speak them. Speech is not an innate quality of human beings, it is a learned or acquired skill, which is passed down from generation to generation. And this chain of knowledge extends all the way back in time to Prophet Adam (alaihi salaam), who acquired the knowledge of speech and language directly from Allah.
He hath created man. He hath taught him utterance (Ar-Rahman 553-4)
From our perspective, there are three forms of knowledge 1) unseen knowledge which only Allah possesses, such as the exact date and time of the Day of Judgement 2) unseen knowledge which we cannot obtain of our own limited means, but we have acquired through divine revelation, and 3) common knowledge derived from our senses and reason which we can possess without revelation, such as the knowledge that a pineapple is larger than a cherry
The knowledge of speech belongs to the second category, unseen knowledge (ilm-ul-ghaib) we have obtained through the avenue of divine revelation.
Jazakum Allah
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When you think about it, it is quite odd that communication is the way it is. Who thought of pointing at something and calling it X, Y or Z, or even just talking at someone else?
It's also remarkable that children pick up on grammar incredibly fast regardless of the language.