List of verb forms in Arabic and their significance
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peace all,
Thought some might find this useful, as this info is often hard to find, e.g. significance of form. Taken from 'Concordance of Quran' by Hanna E Kassis.
TRILITERAL VERBS
- In addition to the ground form (Form I or stem) discussed above, there
are fourteen additional secondary forms, derived from triliteral roots, of
which nine arein common use. These are constructed by adding to the stem
specific vowels, prefixes or infixes or both, according to established patterns.
Using the root *Q T L, the ten most frequently used forms are
Form I qatala The ground form (the stem)
Form II qattala Formed by doubling the middle consonant; generally intensive or causative in meaning
Form III qaatala Formed by lengthening the first vowel; generally signifies reciprocity, effort to perform the action of the verb or an attempt to realize the action in another person
Form IV aqtala Formed by adding the prefix a- (consonant) and the loss of the first vowel; generally causative in meaning although, at times, it may also be declarative
Form V. taqattala Formed by adding the prefix ta- to Form II; generally reflexive and, though more difficult to discern, intensive in meaning
Form VI taqaatala Formed by adding the prefix ta- to Form III; generally reflexive and responsive in meaning. In the latter case it signifies someone doing an action already done in Form III
Form VII inqatala Formed by adding the prefix in- to Form I; generally reflexive in meaning
Form VIII iqtatala Formed by adding the prefix i- (consonant) and the infix t (the first of the two) to Form I; generally reflexive and, occasionally, passive in meaning
Form IX iqtalla Formed by adding the prefix i- to Form 1, dropping the first vowel and doubling the final consonant. This form is rare and is used mainly to express Colours or defects
Form X istaqtala Formed by adding the prefix ista- to Form I, and dropping the first vowel; generally converts a verb into a reflexive action, indicating, in particular, that the quality expressed in Form I is applicable to the speaker
QUADRILITERAL VERBS
- There are, in addition, four forms that stem from quadriliteral roots.
They occur only rarely in the language. They are
Form I zahzaha (*Z H Z H). generally intensive or causative
Form II tajalbaba (*J L B B) generally reflexive and, though more difficult to detect, intensive in meaning
Form III ihranjama (*H R J M). generally reflexive in meaning
Form IV itma'anna (*T M' N) generally conveys a state or a qualityNote there may be minor errors in the above.
- In addition to the ground form (Form I or stem) discussed above, there
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Nice information for the beginners, Wakas. But, I have a couple knit-picks
Why did you (or anyone else) chose the word Q-T-L rather than K-T-B or Q-B-L?
The third form is misspelled; it should be written as QaaTaLa. or more accurately QaTL.
You could write the forms by writing the root letters in capital, so that the additions could be seen easily.Peace,
Edip -
Nice information for the beginners, Wakas. But, I have a couple knit-picks
Why did you (or anyone else) chose the word Q-T-L rather than K-T-B or Q-B-L?
The third form is misspelled; it should be written as QaaTaLa. or more accurately QaTL.
You could write the forms by writing the root letters in capital, so that the additions could be seen easily.Peace,
EdipQ-T-L is more relevant to the current situation in the world. don't take it as a secret code or something.
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Nice information for the beginners, Wakas. But, I have a couple knit-picks
Why did you (or anyone else) chose the word Q-T-L rather than K-T-B or Q-B-L?
The third form is misspelled; it should be written as QaaTaLa. or more accurately QaTL.
You could write the forms by writing the root letters in capital, so that the additions could be seen easily.Peace,
EdipPeace
= Qatl
= QaatalaThese are two different forms.
The first one is the verbal noun of the first form while the second one is the perfect (past) tense of the III form.
Regards -
Peace
= Qatl
= QaatalaThese are two different forms.
The first one is the verbal noun of the first form while the second one is the perfect (past) tense of the III form.
RegardsEdip was not talking about forms, but about putting the root in capital letters and the extra letters in small form.
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