الۤـمۤ 2:01 Consonants and vowels of Arabic language
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Alif First Letter, but not consonant, of Arabic alphabet ( ‎, it has no speech sound and is not conjoined with the succeeding consonants of a word or the following word;
Laa'm and Mee'm Two consonants of Arabic alphabet, conjoined/stitched together; and both have above them, an ancillary glyph/prolongation sign/mark called "Madda" which means and extends/stretches the sound value of the letter to which it is added. The prolongation mark reflects that the following joined letter is still resulting in pause as consonant ends with still resulting in natural pause in its pronunciation "Laa'm". Likewise, the consonant has the prolongation sign suggesting to pronounce it with stretched sound to make the last still letter vivid in sound ending in natural pause "Mee'm- ". Prolongation sign will also appear when the following syllable/consonant with vowel is delicate "Hamza, " which can distinctly and audibly pronounced only when the preceding letter is pronounced elongated. Arabic language equally cares for the convenience of the speaker and the listener. Please remember that the prolongation sign is not the equivalent nor it represents a hamza followed by Alif.
It reflects that the Book in hand is in the language that has letters and other marks, representing that its writing system is letter-diacritic combination based, resulting in the combination of sounds that form a syllable, rather than a single sound.
The first Ayah of Grand Qur'aan reflects that the style of handwriting/written Arabic is cursive, which means that most of the letters within a word connect to the adjacent letters. Arabic style has a substantially different shape of letters. It depends on whether it will be connecting with a preceding and/or a succeeding letter. Thus, all primary letters have conditional forms for their glyphs, depending on whether they are at the beginning, middle or end of a word, and resultantly they may exhibit four distinct forms (initial, medial, final or isolated). However, six letters have only isolated or final form, these are ,,,,, and so force the following letter, if any, to take an initial or isolated form, as if there were a word break.
Letters and consonants coupled with diacritic combinations produce composite speech sound and that is a "word" conveying a specific perception and meanings. The First Ayah of Grand Qur'aan does not contain what is termed as "vowel". It shows that consonants and vowels are two different entities, the later being something which is secondary and subsequent in taking actual existence and appearance. The vibration of an apparatus given the name ?Vocal Cord?, quite recently, first produces the sound of consonants. However, way back Qur'aan gave more specific description , the Cord that makes reach the thought/idea to a point where the limit of another place start-auditory apparatus of listener. Thereafter, the tongues create the vowel sounds, or we can say ?vowelization? takes place afterwards.
The auditory distinguishing of vowels from each other depends on the precise shape and volume of the oral cavity, i.e. the region of the vocal tract between the larynx and the opening of the mouth. The main organ involved in adjusting the shape and volume of the oral cavity is the tongue. The phenomenon of vibration of vocal cord producing sound, or in fact converting the idea/thought, retrieved from memory, one intends to convey to others, into sound is but natural upon which the man does not exercise mechanical control by will. However, once the sound has arrived in the mouth cavity, the tongue mechanically articulates it by will and design to "vowelize" the sound in the manner one may like to throw/eject it out of the mouth.
The shape of the vocal tract and the way the human tongue manipulates grants it the capability to willfully take three extreme positions that lead to vowel sounds. When the body of the tongue is pushed forward and towards the roof of the mouth we get the vowel, called carrying sound like "i" in English words "leap-neat-seat'. And this vowel on the last consonant of a word reflects its state in genitive.
In Arabic vocabulary, there is a valid word . Believers were directed to avoid using it while in the presence of the Messenger . The cause was the abuse of the human capability of "vowelizing" the sounds of consonants by some emigrant Arab-ized Jews of those days. They articulated it in such a manner that some audience could perceive sound conveying meanings of little or derogatory import.
And they say in the manner of twisting and turning it with the help of their tongues.
We leave the mechanism of production of sound of consonants and vowels for the speech experts and Phonetic Laboratories. However, I wish to suggest a thought for study and experimentation. When we do not wish to say something or orally convey an idea for the auditory apparatus, the air from the lungs passes through the larynx unhindered. However, the moment we wish to say something the Vocal Cord starts hindering and forcing the air to cause vibration and produce "buzzy sound", or in other words convert the thought/data retrieved from the memory into sound. The peculiarity of sound depends on the nature/peculiarity of vibration. Therefore, the vibration of Vocal Cord would vary to produce different sounds corresponding to the words that portray the thought/image one intends to convey through speech. Since the whole system is operating in complete harmony and coordination with remarkable speed, therefore, I presume that sound code is built-in the words/consonants, which is decoded by all those cells operating in converting idea/thought into speech.