-=[ Correction/Modification to FM Translation of AlQuraan ]=-
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peace Layth,
The following translation contains clear errors
FM translation
273 We said "Strike him with parts from it." It is thus that God brings the dead to life, and He shows you His signs that you may comprehend.Errors
him = the murdered soul/nafs is feminine
parts = is actually singular, i.e. a part
it = feminineThe most logical, practical, accurate and grammatically correct translation is discussed here
http//www.quran434.com/wife-beating-islam.html#part1
13)idriboohu bi baAAdiha = cite /point out him with some of it (the murder)
The above is commonly translated as "strike him (the murdered person) with part of it (the heifer/cow)" taken from the previous verses. The traditional commentators say this act brought the murdered person back to life and he identified his murderers in this case. However, this understanding becomes extremely weak when all the evidence is taken into account, which we will now analyse, beginning with an accurate translation according to the Arabic
M=masculine, F=feminine, P=plural, S=singular
And when you (M,P) killed a soul (F,S), then you (M,P) accused each other in it (F,S), and God shall bring out what you (M,P) were hiding/concealing.
So We said "idriboo him (M,S) with some of it (F,S)." Like this God revives the dead (P) and He makes you realise His signs/revelations, maybe you reason/comprehend.Please read M.Asad's notes on the above
Muhammad Asad - End Note 57 (273)
The phrase idribuhu bi-ba'diha can be literally translated as "strike him with something of her " -and this possibility has given rise to the fanciful assertion by many commentators that the children of Israel were commanded to strike the corpse of the murdered man with some of the flesh of the sacrificed cow, whereupon he was miraculously restored to life and pointed out his murderer! Neither the Qur'an, nor any saying of the Prophet, nor even the Bible offers the slightest warrant for this highly imaginative explanation, which must, therefore, be rejected-quite apart from the fact that the pronoun hu in idribuhu has a masculine gender, while the noun nafs (here translated as "human being" is feminine in gender from which it follows that the imperative idribuhu cannot possibly refer to nafs. On the other hand, the verb daraba (lit., "he struck" is very often used in a figurative or metonymic sense, as, for instance, in the expression daraba fi 'l-ard ("he journeyed on earth", or daraba 'sh-shay' bi'sh-shay' ("he mixed one thing with another thing", or daraba mathal ("he coined a similitude" or "propounded a parable" or "gave an illustration", orala darb wahid ("similarly applied" or "in the same manner", or duribatalayhim adh-dhillah ("humiliation was imposed on them" or "applied to them", and so forth. Taking all this into account, I am of the opinion that the imperative idribuhu occurring in the above Qur'anic passage must be translated as "apply it" or "this" (referring, in this context, to the principle of communal responsibility). As for the feminine pronoun ha in ba'diha ("some of it", it must necessarily relate to the nearest preceding feminine noun-that is, to the nafs that has been murdered, or the act of murder itself about which (fiha) the community disagreed. Thus, the phrase idribuhu bi-ba'diha may be suitably rendered as "apply this to some of those " for it is obvious that the principle of communal responsibility for murder by a person or persons unknown can be applied only to some and not to all such cases.Muhammad Asad - End Note 58 (273)
Lit., "God gives life to the dead and shows you His messages" (i.e., He shows His will by means of such messages or ordinances). The figurative expression "He gives life to the dead" denotes the saving of lives, and is analogous to that in 532 . In this context it refers to the prevention of bloodshed and the killing of innocent persons (Manar I, 351), be it through individual acts of revenge, or in result of an erroneous judicial process based on no more than vague suspicion and possibly misleading circumstantial evidence.Additional notes
Three or more people (i.e. masculine plural) killed the soul/person.
Three or more people (i.e. masculine plural) were concealing (i.e. it was them who did it, as confirmed by the start of 272).
The part in red cannot refer to showing them how God resurrects the dead to simply show God can do it, as suggested by some commentators, as this is nowhere in context, would not require a murdered person, and would go against the example of Abraham, see 2260 (in which Abraham taught birds to incline to him and then called them from afar and they returned to him, i.e. their master). Not to mention that this would be a strange way for God to show how He does it, as it involved using partners to do the task.
"the dead" (al mawta) is plural thus weakening the common/traditional interpretation further, as it is not in this manner God revives the dead elsewhere in The Quran.
The part in blue must fulfil the goal God will bring out what they were concealing - further compounded by linking use of "fa/so" between 272 and 273.
The expression "God revives the dead" may also mean God revives the spiritually dead, i.e. them who were in the wrong (see the clear examples of 6122, 2780, 3050-52, 824), thus, this seems the most likely interpretation in my opinion. Although, M.Asad's is also possible.
The previous stories in this chapter are separated by "ith / when / ", and are all self-contained lessons. The story of the cow is independent of the story before it and the one following it that of the murdered soul.
The only masculine in the context are those who committed the murder and thereafter accused each other, hiding the truth. The only feminine in the context is the murdered soul, and the act of murder in which they accused each other in (i.e. this is the closest preceding feminine to / bibadiha).Thus, applying the most likely option, we have "idriboo him (i.e. each one accused) with some of it (the murder)".
All we need now is to consider "idriboo" to see if there is a meaning that fits. Lane's Lexicon states that DRB on its own can mean "to point or make a sign", i.e. point out or indicate. When we re-read the context of 272-73, it becomes obvious the perpetrators were accusing each other (i.e. pointing the finger at each other, so to speak) to conceal the truth that they did it, so God was to bring forth what they were concealing so We said "point out him with some of it (the murder)". The only ones doing the pointing/accusing were the guilty. Thus, whomever of them (i.e. of the ones accused) was pointed out by the others also accused was assigned some part/responsibility of the murder. In this way, they could not escape what they had done, and indeed, God exposed them and brought out what they were concealing. The end result was that they took collective responsibility, each of him a part. Sharing of a sin/crime if a group were responsible is mentioned elsewhere in The Quran, e.g. 2411.
Further, other Classical Arabic meanings of DRB can also be used, such as cite, propound, indicate, assign, put/show forth.
Interestingly, in the tafsir of "al-Jalalayn" (see altafsir.com) it says the revived murdered soul pointed out his murderers. Ironically, this comes close to the truth; possibly indicating a remnant of the true understanding of this verse still remained, and likely became superficial/superstitious over time.
As a side note, for an understanding of "ddaara'atum", see Lane's Lexicon. In it, it specifically states the translation we have used. By deduction, we can work out it does indeed mean "you accused each other". The whole phrase literally means "you averted/repelled/pushed away each other". What are they averting/repelling/pushing away? The Quran tells us, it is "feeha = in it". Thus, the only possibility is they are literally pushing away in the dead body (highly unlikely), OR, they are pushing away in the murder, and logically, the latter can only mean they were pushing away the accusation or the sole responsibility for it. This is further proven by what follows, when it says they were concealing/hiding. Thus, one simply needs to ask what can they (the ones who did it) possibly be concealing by repelling each other in the murder? The translation option then becomes obvious.
To conclude, the understanding presented here fits the grammar, the Arabic, Classical Arabic meanings, logic, cross-referencing the subject of murder, specifically, that there is life in al qisas/equivalence (the law of just recompense) for those who use their intellect, 2179, and provides us with a self-contained explanation.
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Greetings and Peace, all group
Small typographical error
979 Those who criticize the volunteers among the believers in chari- ties; that they only have their efforts to give; so they mock them. GOD mocks them, and they will have a painful retribution.
ALLAH knows best.
peace
~Abdul-Hadi
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Salam,
in bold is TYPO, needs capital Y
2260 And Abraham said ?My Lord, show me how you resurrect the dead.? He said ?Do you not already believe?? He said ?I do, but it is so my heart can be relieved.? He said ?Choose four birds, then cut them, then place parts of the birds on each mountain, then call them to you; they will come racing towards you. And know that God is Noble, Wise.?
Salam
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Salam,
a typo, Him should be with small letter h, in bold;
2275 Those who consume usury do not rise except as one being influenced by the touch of the devil. That is because they have said ?Trade is the same as usury.? While God has made trade permissible, and He has made usury forbidden. Whoever has received understanding from His Lord and ceases, then he will be forgiven for what was before this and his case will be with God. But whoever returns, then they are the people of the Fire, in it they will abide.
Salam
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Salam,
I was thinking the words in bold should switch side, so it becomes;
"...if you truly are believers."
I might be wrong though.
2278 O you who believe, be aware of God and give up what is left from usury, if you are truly believers.
Salam
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Salam,
missing comma in bold?
2281 And be aware of a Day when you will be returned to God then every soul will be paid what it has earned, and they will not be wronged.
Salam
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What you think about leaving "the names of things" in their original form, but written in nominative with transcription?
Allah's bless and selam.
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Salam,
Verse below is missing a "the" before earth.
2284 To God is what is in the heavens and in earth, and whether you declare what is in your souls or hide it, God will call you to account for it. He will forgive whom He wishes, and punish whom He wishes, and God is capable of all things.
Salam
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Salam,
The word in bold needs capital start.
2285 The messenger believes in what was sent down to him from his Lord; and the believers, all who believe in God, and His angels, and His Books, and His messengers ?We do not make a distinction between any of His messengers;? and they said ?We hear and obey, forgive us our Lord, and to you is our destiny.?
Salam
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Salam,
1.Criterion, is it to be written with capital c or small c?
In verse 253 its written with small c, while in 34 with capital c. I made a search throughout Quran (Ctrl+F), there's a mix of capital and small letter for criterion.
- Belong should be changed to belongs.
2115 And to God belong the east and the west, so wherever you turn, there is the face of God. God is Encompassing, Knowledgeable.
- In verse 2149 and 2150 it is written yourself and yourselves. I'm not sure myself which is correct, but I think it's yourselves. But would be good to look into it;
2149 And from wherever you go out, you shall set yourself towards the
restricted temple; it is the truth from your Lord; and God is not
unaware of what you do.2150 And wherever you go out, you shall set yourself towards the
restricted temple. And wherever you may be you shall set
yourselves towards it; that the people will have no room for
debate with you, except those of them who are wicked. You shall
not be concerned by them, but be concerned by Me; so that I may
complete My blessings upon you and that you may be guided.4.Make capital h small;
2159 Surely those who conceal what We have sent down to them of
the clarities and the guidance, after We Had made it clear for the
people in the Book; these will be cursed by God and be cursed by
those who curse.5.Not sure if this is incorrect. "Who" change with "so"?
2187
It has been made permissible for you during the night of fasting
to approach your women sexually. They are a garment for you and
you are a garment for them. God knows that you used to betray
your souls so He has accepted your repentance, and forgiven you;
now you may approach them and seek what God has written for
you. And you may eat and drink until the white thread is distinct
from the black thread of dawn; then you shall complete the fast
until night; and do not approach them while you are devoted in
the temples. These are the boundaries of God, so do not transgress
them. It is thus that God clarifies His revelations to the people
who they may be righteous.6.Missing "the" between bold
2196
And conclude the Pilgrimage and the visit for God. But, if you
are prevented, then provide what offering is affordable; and do
not shave your heads until the offering reaches its destination.
Whoever of you is ill or has an ailment to his head, then he may
redeem by fasting or giving a charity or a rite. But if you are secure,
then whoever makes the visit, but decides to continue until the
Pilgrimage, then he shall provide what offering is affordable; but
for he who cannot find anything, then he must fast for three days
during the Pilgrimage and seven when he returns; this will make
a complete ten?this is for those whose family are not residents
to restricted temple. And be aware of God, and know that God is
severe in retribution.- In bold, does it mean receiving, like getting, or is it about already having in the verse. He has or he have;
2266 Does anyone of you desire that he have an estate with palm trees
and grapevines, and rivers flowing beneath it, and in it for him
are all kinds of fruits, then he is afflicted with old age and his
progeny is weak, and a firestorm strikes it and it all burns? It is
thus that God makes clear for you the signs that you may reflect.8.A typo, also maybe a missing "You" between "and" and "bring". both in bold;
327 ?You blend the night into the day, and blend the day into the
night; and you bring the living out of the dead, and bring the
dead out of the living; and You provide for whom You wish
without reckoning.?- In bold, just needs a hit on the space button after comma.
355 For God said ?O Jesus, I will terminate your life, and raise you
to Me, and purify you of those who have rejected, and make those
who have followed you above those who have rejected until the
Day of Resurrection. Then to Me is your return, all of you,so I
will judge between you in what it was that you disputed.?Salam
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Salam,
- in 364, takes to take
364
Say ?O people of the Book, let us come to a mutual understanding between us and between you; that we serve none except God,
and that we do not set up anything with Him, and that none of us
takes each other as patrons besides God.? If they turn away, then
say ?Bear witness that we have submitted.?2.Maybe a missing comma between bold
391 Those who have rejected and died while they were rejecters,
if the earth full of gold were to be ransomed with it would not
be accepted from any of them. For these there will be a painful
retribution and they will have no supporters.3.Capital supporter?
3122 When two parties from among you were obsessed that they would
fail; while God was their supporter. In God the believers should
trust.4.Needs comma between bold
3145 It is not permitted for a person to die except by the permission
of God in an appointed record. And whoever wants the reward of
this world We give him of it, and whoever wants the reward of the
Hereafter, We give him of it. And We will reward the thankful.5.Capital victor?
3150 It is God who is your Patron, and He is the best victor.
Salam
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Salam,
2150 And wherever you go out, you shall set yourself towards the
restricted temple. And wherever you may be you shall set
yourselves towards it; that the people will have no room for
debate with you, except those of them who are wicked. You shall
not be concerned by them, but be concerned by Me; so that I may
complete My blessings upon you and that you may be guided.This is correct. The first part is singular (addressing the prophet), while the second part addresses all the believers.
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4252 should be "it" instead of "this".
Allah's bless and selam.
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Salam,
Verse 538 which is about penalty for stealing, it is poorly translated. For new readers it would be very misleading. I think the previous translation is better and fits well with the story of Joseph.
The current translation of 538
The male thief, and the female thief, you shall cut their hands as a penalty for what they have earned?a restraint from God. God is Noble, Wise.From "The Quran A Monotheist Translation" 2013 print version
538 As for the thief, both male and female, you shall cut from their resources-as a penalty for what they have earned-to be made an example of from God. God is Noble, Wise.
Salam
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Salam,
Just making sure for the following verse, if it is repentance to God or repentance from God. Either way, I understand what is implied.
492
And it is not for a believer to kill another believer except by
accident. And whoever kills a believer by accident, then he shall
free a believing slave, and give compensation to the family; except
if they remit it. If he was from a people who are enemies to you,
and he was a believer, then you shall free a believing slave. And
if he was from a people with whom you have a covenant, then a
compensation to his family, and free a believing slave. Whoever
does not find, then the fasting of two months sequentially as a
repentance from God; for God is Knowledgeable, Wise.Salam
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Salam,
1.Is the bold correct?
550 Is it the judgment of the days of ignorance that they seek? And who
is better than God as judgment for a people who comprehend?- Missing "the" between bold
597 God has made the Ka?aba, the restricted shrine, to stand for the
people, and for the restricted month, and the offerings, and the
regulations; that is so you may know that God knows what is
in the heavens and what is in earth, and that God is aware of all
things.- Missing "they" between bold
5104 And if they are told ?Come to what God has sent down, and to
the messenger;? they say ?We are content with what we found
our fathers doing.? What if their fathers did not know anything nor were guided?4.Make "you" capital
5114
Jesus, son of Mary, said ?Our god, our Lord, send down
to us a feast from the heaven, that it becomes a joy to us from the first to
the last, and a sign from You, and provide for us, you are the best provider.?Salam
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Salam,
- Capital initiator?
614 Say ?Shall I take other than God as an ally; the initiator of the
heavens and the earth; while He feeds and is not fed!? Say ?I
have been commanded to be the first who submits.? And do not
be of the polytheists.2.In one verse "who" is capital and in another its small.
699 And He is the One who sent down water from the heaven, and
We brought out with it plants of every kind. We brought out from
it a green from which We bring out complex seeds; and what
is from the palm trees, from its sheaths hanging low and near;
and gardens of grapes; and olives and pomegranates, comparable
and not comparable. Look at its fruit when it blossoms and its
ripeness. In this are signs for a people who believe.6141 And He is the One Who initiated gardens; both trellised and
untrellised; and palm trees, and plants, all with different taste;
and olives and pomegranates, comparable and not comparable.
Eat from its fruit when it blossoms and give its due on the day of
its harvest; and do not waste. He does not like the wasteful.3.Capital or small might?
6147 If they deny you, then say ?Your Lord has vast Mercy, but His
Might will not be turned away from the criminal people.?6148 Those who are polytheists will say ?If God wished, we would not
have set up partners, nor would have our fathers, nor would we
have made anything forbidden.? Those before them lied in the
same way, until they tasted Our might. Say ?Do you have any
knowledge to bring out to us? You only follow conjecture, you
only guess.?4.Capital day?
6158 Do they wait until the angels come to them, or your Lord comes,
or certain signs come from your Lord? The day certain signs
come from your Lord, it will do no good for any soul to believe if
it did not believe before, or it gained good through its belief. Say
?Wait, for we are waiting.?Salam
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335 "in this respect" wasn't said in Qur'anic text. You can use "with/by it" if you wanna translate "bi-hi". "hi" related with "ma" and "bi" is "with or by".
Allah's bless and selam.
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Salam,
3.Capital or small might?
6147 If they deny you, then say ?Your Lord has vast Mercy, but His
Might will not be turned away from the criminal people.?I have made both those words "small" as they are not stated as direct attributes.
All other fixes made and uploaded.
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Salam,
Hoping this is the right place to put this. Not sure if this is an error.
In 262 the FM translation says "Surely those who believe; and those who are..." while Qur'an Corpus says "...those who believed and those who became..." According to Corpus both are plural perfect (pluperfect) verbs, which indicate something taking place in the past.
