Quranic laws for war
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http//www.newageislam.com/books-and-documents/man-and-war-by-allama-ghulam-ahmad-parwez/d/1891
This is same article I read in Tolu e Islam website.
Btw thanks for providing that link,Wakas ) -
After 9-11 there has been various debates about Islam. Some have said that the terrorist are Islam's true spoken. The so called moderates practice taqiya. Taqiya is the deliberate lying for the faith. They say Islam is a violent religion that commands Muslims to kill non Muslim. Non Muslims have 3 choices, either they convert, pay the jizya(tax) or die. They say Muhammad was peaceful for PR reasons and once strong showed his true colors and preached violent jihad. They say all the peaceful verses were abrogated after his final victory with this verse
9.5. But when the forbidden months are past, then fight and slay the Pagans wherever ye find them, an seize them, beleaguer them, and lie in wait for them in every stratagem (of war); but if they repent, and establish regular prayers and practise regular charity, then open the way for them for God is Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful.
And also this verse
9.29. Fight those who believe not in God nor the Last Day, nor hold that forbidden which hath been forbidden by God and His Messenger, nor acknowledge the religion of Truth, (even if they are) of the People of the Book, until they pay the Jizya with willing submission, and feel themselves subdued.
This verses are chosen for a reason. When read alone it implies a command to attack until they convert. Of course there are other verses in the Koran that talks about fighting. But why do they tend to focus on this one? Its simple, the other verses tend to show the defensive nature of the jihad and also the malicious intent and behavior of the pagans. Thus never cited. Lets look at some of them
2.190. Fight in the cause of God those who fight you, but do not transgress limits; for God loveth not transgressors
2.191. And slay them wherever ye catch them, and turn them out from where they have Turned you out; for tumult and oppression are worse than slaughter; but fight them not at the Sacred Mosque, unless they (first) fight you there; but if they fight you, slay them. Such is the reward of those who suppress faith
2.193. And fight them on until there is no more Tumult or oppression, and there prevail justice and faith in God, but if they cease, Let there be no hostility except to those who practise oppression
Also
2.217. They ask thee concerning fighting in the Prohibited Month. Say "Fighting therein is a grave (offence); but graver is it in the sight of God to prevent access to the path of God, to deny Him, to prevent access to the Sacred Mosque, and drive out its members." Tumult and oppression are worse than slaughter. Nor will they cease fighting you until they turn you back from your faith if they can. And if any of you Turn back from their faith and die in unbelief, their works will bear no fruit in this life and in the Hereafter; they will be companions of the Fire and will abide therein.
All these verses talks about fighting, however within these verses the defensive nature of the verses and the malicious behavior of the pagans is cited. Thus those who wish to attack Islam never cite those verses. Its a deliberate attempt to hide what the Koran as saying and using selective verses to imply what they know the verses does not mean.
Lets however look at the verse that is often cited. This time we will take the verses before and after it to see what is the context this verse is talking.
9.4. (But the treaties are) not dissolved with those Pagans with whom ye have entered into alliance and who have not subsequently failed you in aught, nor aided any one against you. So fulfil your engagements with them to the end of their term for God loveth the righteous.
9.5. But when the forbidden months are past, then fight and slay the Pagans wherever ye find them, an seize them, beleaguer them, and lie in wait for them in every stratagem (of war); but if they repent, and establish regular prayers and practise regular charity, then open the way for them for God is Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful.
However in the same chapter in explains the intention behind this verse
9.13. Will ye not fight people who violated their oaths, plotted to expel the Messenger, and took the aggressive by being the first (to assault) you? Do ye fear them? Nay, it is God Whom ye should more justly fear, if ye believe!
Here the Quran clearly states that this was a war being imposed on the believers and they are to defend themselves. The Quran only recognizes defensive war,
The Koran makes clear the job of the prophet
1682 But if they turn away from you, your only duty is a clear delivery of the Message .
6107 Yet if God had so willed, they would not have ascribed Divinity to aught besides Him; hence, We have not made you their keeper, nor are you a guardian over them.
479-80 Say'Whatever good betides you is from God and whatever evil betides you is from your own self and that We have sent you to mankind only as a messenger and all sufficing is God as witness. Whoso obeys the Messenger, he indeed obeys God. And for those who turn away, We have not sent you as a keeper."
1128 He (Noah) said "O my people! think over it! If I act upon a clear direction from my Lord who has bestowed on me from Himself the Merciful talent of seeing the right way, a way which you cannot see for yourself, does it follow that we can force you to take the right path when you definitely decline to take it?°
1753-54 And tell my servants that they should speak in a most kindly manner. Verily, Satan is always ready to stir up discord between men; for verily; Satan is mans foe .... Hence, We have not sent you with power to determine their Faith.
8821 22; And so, exhort them your task is only to exhort; you cannot compel them to believe.
But most of all the Koran asks the prophet himself this question
10.99-100. If it had been thy Lord's will, they would all have believed,- all who are on earth! wilt thou then compel mankind, against their will, to believe! No soul can believe, except by the will of God, and He will place doubt (or obscurity) on those who will not understand
The Sects claim that the concept of defensive war has been abrogated by these verses in Chapter 9
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But when the forbidden months are past, then fight and slay the Pagans wherever ye find them, an seize them, beleaguer them, and lie in wait for them in every stratagem (of war); but if they repent, and establish regular prayers and practise regular charity, then open the way for them for Allah is Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful
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Fight those who believe not in Allah nor the Last Day, nor hold that forbidden which hath been forbidden by Allah and His Messenger, nor acknowledge the religion of Truth, (even if they are) of the People of the Book, until they pay the Jizya with willing submission, and feel themselves subdued.
Jizya is then explained by the Sects as a tax to be paid by non Muslims to the Muslim ruler. Of course we know that what really these sects believe abrogated the defensive war verses of the Koran is this hadith
Ibn ?Umar related that the Messenger of Allah, upon whom be peace, said, ?I have been ordered to fight the people until they testify that there is no god except Allah, and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, and they establish prayer and pay the zakah. If they do that, their blood and wealth are protected from me save by the rights of Islam. Their reckoning will be with Allah.? (Related by al-Bukhari and Muslim.)?
And even a casual glance at that hadith we know must have also abrogated many other verses and not just the defensive war verses like
1753-54 And tell my servants that they should speak in a most kindly manner. Verily, Satan is always ready to stir up discord between men; for verily; Satan is mans foe .... Hence, We have not sent you with power to determine their Faith
1682 But if they turn away from you, your only duty is a clear delivery of the Message
6107 Yet if God had so willed, they would not have ascribed Divinity to aught besides Him; hence, We have not made you their keeper, nor are you a guardian over them
8821 22; And so, exhort them your task is only to exhort; you cannot compel them to believe
3941 Assuredly, We have sent down the Book to you in right form for the good of man. Whoso guided himself by it does so to his own advantage, and whoso turns away from it does so at his own loss. You certainly are not their keeper.
But since some Sunni scholars want to hide behind the Koran and are ashamed to say that the hadith abrogates the Koran, we will go along with it for argument sake.
So what is Jizya anyways
The Arabic term jizya appears in verse Quran 929, but the Qur'an does not specify jizya as a tax per head. According to Paul Heck, the jizya taxation seems to be a developed form of the Sassanian practice of taxation.
Commentators disagree on the definition and derivation of the word jizya
Shakir and Khalifa's English translations of the Qur'an render jizya as "tax", while Pickthal translates it as "tribute". Yusuf Ali prefers to transliterate the term as jizyah.
Yusuf Ali states "The derived meaning, which became the technical meaning, was a poll tax levied from those who did not accept Islam, but were willing to live under the protection of Islam, and were thus tacitly willing to submit to the laws enforced by the Muslim State."
Monqiz As-Saqqar attributes the word jizya to the root word jaza meaning "compensate" and defines it as "a sum of money given in return for protection".
Ibn Al-Mutaraz derives the word from 'idjz?, meaning "substitute" or "sufficiency" because "it suffices as a substitute for the dhimmi's embracement of Islam."
Yusuf al-Qaradawi says the word jizya is derived from the jazaa', meaning "reward", "return", or "compensation", and defines it as "a payment by the non-Muslim according to an agreement signed with the Muslim state".
Edward William Lane, in An Arabic-English Lexicon defines jizya as a "tax that is taken from the free non-Muslim subjects of a Muslim government whereby they ratify the compact that assures them protection.
Ibn Rushd explains that jizya is in fact a broader concept than just a head-tax. It also includes monies exacted in times of war ? what is normally understood in English by the word ?tribute? ? as well as levies (?ushr) on non-muslim merchants who are trading in the Dar al-Harb.In practice, the word is applied to a special type of tax, levied upon the non-Muslim adult males living under an Islamic state.
After the Norman conquest of Sicily, taxes imposed on the Muslim minority were also called the "jizya".
http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jizya
Lets look at how they define that term
compensation, reward, substitute, tribute, return.
Well we know from the Koran that there were many Jews and pagans living in Medina. We also know that they interacted with the prophet and that the prophet had political power over them to some degree. Yet there is no mentioning of Jizya except when the believers were just about to enter Mecca. Anotherwords Jizya in the Koran came when talking about the Meccans upon entering that city.
I don't know about you but i know if I was forced into exile and taken from my home and lost my possession and business and whatever else I had and suffered all those years from the pagans of Mecca because of my religious belief
9.13. Will ye not fight people who violated their oaths, plotted to expel the Messenger, and took the aggressive by being the first (to assault) you? Do ye fear them? Nay, it is Allah Whom ye should more justly fear, if ye believe
I know I would want some compensation, some reward, some substitute, some tribute. Jizya is just like a war reperation and being compensated for damages. The believers entered Mecca where many of them came from, this is no conquest. Conquest(ghazu) has no mentioning in the Koran. Conquest is taking land that was never your homeland. In fact what the hadith tried to do was to pave a way for conquests. Then introduce taxes to create wealth. Take that and prisoners of war sold as slaves, you got yourself a pretty profitable scenario. No doubt all this was useful for the dictators.
It really show us how deviated some aspects of these Sects are.
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Peace Bigmo,
Thanks for an enlightening article.
God bless you
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Peace all.
Good article Bigmo, but it's better if we translated jizya as reparation, because the word "tax" is symbol of disrimination against non-Muslim.I quoted a explanation from Reformist Translation
DISCUSSION OF 929
We should be reminded that the context of the verse is about the War of Hunain, and fighting is
allowed only for self-defense. See 2190-193, 256; 491; and 608-9.
Furthermore, note that we suggest REPARATION instead of Arabic word jizya. The meaning of jizya
has been distorted as a tax on non-Muslims, which was invented long after Muhammad to further the
imperialistic agenda of Kings. The origin of the word that we translated as Compensation is JaZaYa,
which simply means compensation or, in the context of war, means war reparations, not tax. Since the
enemies of Muslims attacked and aggressed, after the war they are required to compensate for the
damage they inflicted on the peaceful community. Various derivatives of this word are used in the
Quran frequently, and they are translated as compensation for a particular deed.
Unfortunately, the distortion in the meaning of the verse above and the practice of collecting a special
tax from Christians and Jews, contradict the basic principle of the Quran that there should not be
compulsion in religion and there should be freedom of belief and expression (2256; 490; 1099;
1829; 8821,22). Since taxation based on religion creates financial duress on people to convert to the
privileged religion, it violates this important Quranic principle. Dividing a population that united
under a social contract (constitution) into privileged groups based on their religion contradicts many
principles of the Quran, including justice, peace, and brotherhood/sisterhood of all humanity.
Some uninformed critics or bigoted enemies of the Quran list verses of the Quran dealing with wars
and declare Islam to be a religion of violence. Their favorite verses are 2191; 328; 385; 510,34;
95; 928-29; 9123; 1417; 229; 25 52; 474 and 669. In this article, I refuted their argument against
929, and I will discuss each of the verses later.
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Some followers of Sunni or Shiite religions abuse 95 or 929 by taking them out of their immediate
and Quranic context. Sunnis and Shiites follow many stories and instructions falsely attributed to
Muhammad that justify terror and aggression, which is currently used as a pretext and propaganda
tool by imperialist or neocolonialist powers to justify their ongoing terror and aggression against
countries with predominantly Muslim population, surely with much sophisticated weapons and
destructive effect. For instance, in a so-called authentic (or authentically fabricated) hadith, after
arresting the murderers of his shepherd, the prophet and his companions cut their arms and legs off,
gouged their eyes with hot nails and left them dying from thirst in the desert, a contradiction to the
portrayal of Muhammad's mission in the Quran (21107; 3159). In another authentically fabricated
hadith, the prophet is claimed to send a gang during night to secretly kill a female poet who criticized
him in her poetry, a violation of the teaching of the Quran! (2256; 4140; 1099; 1829; 8821-22).
Despite these un-Quranic teachings, the aggressive elements among Sunni and Shiite populations
have almost always been a minority. -
Who is Sultan Jafar anyway?
The name doesn't really matter, the point is to show you, once somebody has POWER, ECONOMY/WEALTH can come easily to him.
And it was the Sultans/Kings who came up with Holy Dogmas fully embraced by the Muslim today.
In fact the religion called Islam was also being invented by the same parties, with the same objective.All for the sake of POWER
