4:101 Which prayers to be SHORTENED?
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Peace all.
When ye travel through the earth there is no blame on you if ye SHORTEN YOUR PRAYER for fear the unbelievers may ATTACK you for the unbelievers are unto you open enemies. 4101
Almost all Muslims believe that Allah has granted them the permission to SHORTEN THE PRAYERS while traveling, the same way as Allah permitted them FOUR MARRIAGES (43), the same way as Allah permitted them to pray ON FOOT (213
All the three verses have one thing in common and that is 'IF YOU FEAR". Our dear, faithful, and trustworthy translators have corrupted all the three verses beyond imagination and gave them a new meaning which contradicts the true meaning.
First of all this verse is not speaking of any TRAVEL, but FIGHTING. This verse is not an isolated verse but a continuation from verse 94.
We can grasp the true message only when we read from verse 94 to 103
O Ye who believe! (IDHAA D.ARABTUM FE SABEL 'ALLAAH) WHEN YOU MARCH FORTH (for fighting) in the way of Allah, make things clear and say not unto one who gives you a salutation you are none of a believer, seeking the perishable goods of the life of the world; for with Allah are spoils abundant. Even Thus were ye aforetime, and then Allah favored you. So make things clear; verily Allah is of that which ye work ever Aware. 494
Not equal are those of the believers who sit (at home), except those who are disabled (by injury or are blind or lame, etc.), and the (MUJAAHIDON) WARRIORS fighting in the Cause of Allah with their wealth and their lives. Allah has preferred in grades the (MUJAAHIDEN) WARRIORS who fight with their wealth and their lives above those who sit (at home). Unto each, Allah has promised good (Paradise), but Allah has preferred the (MUJAAHIDEN) WARRIORS, above those who sit (at home) by a huge reward 495
Ranks specially bestowed by Him and Forgiveness and Mercy. For Allah is Oft-Forgiving Most Merciful. 496
Verily! As for those whom the angels take (in death) while they are wronging themselves, they (angels) say (to them) "In what (condition) were you?" They reply "We were weak and oppressed on earth." They (angels) say "Was not the earth of Allah spacious enough for you to SURRENDER (to Figh) therein?" Such men will find their abode in Hell - What an evil destination! 497
EXCEPT, the weak ones among men and women, and children who cannot devise a plan, nor are they able to guide their way. 498
For these there is hope that Allah will forgive for Allah doth blot out (sins) and forgive again and again. 499
He who SURRENDERS in the Cause of Allah, will find on earth many dwelling places and plenty to live by. And whosoever leaves his home, SURRENDERING to Allah and His Messenger (for fighting), and DEATH overtakes him, his reward is then SURELY INCUMBENT UPON ALLAH. And Allah is Ever Oft?Forgiving, Most Merciful. 4100
(WA- 'IDHAA D.ARABTUM FE AL- 'ARD) AND WHEN you MARCH FORTH in the land, (for fighting) there is no sin on you if you HOLD BACK from your (COMMITMENTS of fighting) if you fear that the DISBELIEVERS may PERSECUTE you, verily, the disbelievers are ever unto you open enemies. 4101AND WHEN thou art with them then establish COMMITMENTS (duties of fighting) for them let one party of them stand up with thee and let them take their arms and when they have SUBMITTED let them take their positions in the rear and let the other party come up which hath not yet COMMITTED (to the duties of fighting) and let them COMMIT (to the duties of the fighting) with thee and let them take their precautions and their arms the unbelievers wish if ye were negligent of your arms and your baggage to assault you in a single rush but there is no sin on you if ye put away your arms because of the INJURIES from RAIN or because ye are ill; but take (every) precaution for yourselves. For the unbelievers Allah hath prepared a humiliating punishment. 4102
THEN WHEN ye have performed / complied / fulfilled the COMMITMENTS (duties of fighting), REMEMBER Allah, standing and sitting and lying on your sides. Then when ye are secure, execute the COMMITMENTS (scheduled remembrance and glorifications of Allah) Verily the COMMITMENTS (scheduled remembrance and glorifications of Allah, recitation of the Quran) are prescribed unto the believers at definite times. 4103
SUMMARY
Guidance when marching forth (for fighting) in the way of Allah 494
WARRIORS and those who sit at home are not equal 495
Rewards for WARRIORS 496
Rewards for those who sit at home 497
Exceptions among those who sit at home 98/99
The Rewards are DUE for those who die while FIGHTING 4100
Refrain from the commitments (of fighting) when fearing PERSECUTION while on the march to fight 4101
The set up / preparation of FIGHTING 4102
Remembrance of Allah after FIGHTING 4103All the ten verses are revealed in the context of FIGHTING.
If the Muslims are MARCHING FORTH in the land (for fighting) they should follow verse 94, 101, they should set up the fighting as per the verse 102, and they should remember Allah after the fight as per verse 103. These verses were revealed as guidance to the Believers for such time when the Believers are making themselves ready to March Forth in the land for fighting.
The translators have corrupted the words (DARABTUM FE AL ARD)
Another example
YAA 'AYYUHAA 'ALLADHENA 'AAMANO LAA TAKONO KA- 'ALLADHENA KAFARO WA- QAALO LI- 'IKHWAAN -HIM 'IDHAA D.ARABO FE AL- 'ARD. 'AW KAANO GHUZZA(N) LAW KAANO cINDA -NAA MAA MAATO WA- MAA QUTILO LI- YAJcAL 'ALLAAH DHAALIKA H.ASRAH FE QULOB -HIM WA- 'ALLAAH YUH.YE WA- YUMET WA- 'ALLAAH BI- MAA TAcMALON BAS.ER 3156
O ye who believe! be not like the unbelievers who say of their brethren when they are TRAVELING through the earth or engaged in FIGHTING "If they had stayed with us they would not have DIED or been SLAIN. This that Allah may make it a cause of sighs and regrets in their hearts. It is Allah that gives life and death and Allah sees well all that ye do. 3156
THE CORRECT TRANSLATION
O ye who believe! be not like the unbelievers who say of their brethren when they are (DARABTUM FE AL ARD) MARCHING FORTH (for fighting) in the land or (GHUZZA) RAIDING / INVADING / ATTACKING / CONQUERING / ASSAULTING "If they had stayed with us they would not have DIED or been SLAIN. This that Allah may make it a cause of sighs and regrets in their hearts. It is Allah that gives life and death and Allah sees well all that ye do. 3156
(MAATO) "DIED" is linked to (DARABTUM FE AL ARD) while (QUTILO) "SLAIN" is linked to (GHUZZA)
For "TRAVEL IN THE LAND" ("SERO FE AL- 'ARD") see
3137, 611, 12109, 1636, 2246, 2769, 2920, 309, 3042, 3544, 4021, 4082, 4710,WA- 'IDHAA D.ARABTUM FE AL- 'ARD. FA- LAYSA cALAY -KUM JUNAAH. 'AN TAQS.URO MIN AS.- S.ALAAH 'IN KHIFTUM 'AN YAFTIN -KA 'ALLADHENA KAFARO 'INNA AL- KAAFIREN KAANO LA- -KUM cADOW MUBEN(AN) 4101
When ye travel through the earth there is no blame on you if ye SHORTEN YOUR PRAYER for fear the unbelievers may ATTACK you for the unbelievers are unto you open enemies. 4101
Main Entry YAFTIN
Root word FA TA N = to turn away (from) to subject to temptations or TRIALS, seduce, TEMPT, entice, allure, beguile (someone) to enamor, enchant, captivate, enthrall, enrapture, fascinate, infatuate (someone) to TORTURE, to TORMENT, to PERSECUTE (someone), to denounce (someone), inform (against), be in love (with), to be crazy (over), be like mad (after), to lead from the right course.
What I didn't find is "FA TA N" = ATTACK. (IN ALL SIX DICTIONARIES)
Verses in the Quran with FA TA N = Tempt
549, 727, 949, 1773,
Verses in the Quran with FA TA N = Try
9126, 20131, 2747, 292, 5113, 7217,
Verses in the Quran with FA TA N = TORMENT / PERSECUTE
1083, 16110, 5113, 8510
NOT A SINGLE VERSE "FA TA N" = ATTACK
Shortening FROM the prayers is SUBJECT to THE FEAR, which is linked to FA TA N
NOW WHAT IS THE FEAR THAT COMPELS THE BELIEVERS TO SHORTEN FROM THE PRAYERS?
To turn away (from) to subject to temptations or TRIALS, seduce, TEMPT, entice, allure, beguile (someone) to enamor, enchant, captivate, enthrall, enrapture, fascinate, infatuate (someone) to TORTURE, to TORMENT, to PERSECUTE (someone), to denounce (someone), inform (against), be in love (with), to be crazy (over), be like mad (after), to lead from the right course.
The only FEAR, which can compel the believers to shorten FROM the prayers, is TORMENT/ PERSECUTION of the DISBELIEVERS.
And kill them WHEREVER you find them, and turn them out from where they have turned you out. And PERSECUTION (FITNAH) is SEVERE THAN KILLING. And fight not them when in the restriction of the act of compliance unless they (first) fight you in it. But if they attack you, then kill them. Such is the recompense of the disbelievers. 2191
They ask thee concerning the prohibited months fighting in it say fighting in it is great (transgression) and to keep away from the way of Allah and disbelieve in IT (way of Allah) and the restriction of the act of compliance and drive out its people from IT is greater (transgression) near Allah PERSECUTION (FITNAH) is GREATER THAN KILLING. And they will not cease from fighting against you till they have made you renegades from your religion, if they can. And whoso becometh a renegade and dieth in his disbelief such are they whose works have fallen both in the world and the Hereafter. Such are rightful owners of the Fire they will abide there in. 2217
It is utterly NONSENSE to think that we can shorten FROM the prayers if the DISBELIEVERS PERSECUTE US.
This means that if we fear that the DISBELIEVERS might PERSECUTE us in the early morning then we can shorten the MORNING PRAYER of 2 RAKAAH to just One RAKAAH and like wise we can shorten all FIVE PRAYERS.
But if WE FEAR that the DISBELIEVERS might PERSECUTE us at a time between the FAJR and ZUHR prayer, then WHICH PRAYER is to be SHORTENED?
The scholars have no answer to the above question
And FIGHT THEM until PERSECUTION (FITNAH) is no more, and religion is for Allah. BUT IF THEY DESIST then let there be no hostility except against wrongdoers. 2193
And FIGHT THEM until PERSECUTION (FITNAH) is no more, and religion is all for Allah. BUT IF THEY CEASE, then lo! Allah is Seer of what they do. 839
FIGHTING is allowed UNTIL there remains NO FITNAH because it is SEVERE and GREATER THAN KILLING, but it makes no sense to SHORTEN from the PRAYERS when there is a FEAR of FITNAH.
PERSECUTION IS AN OPEN LICENSE THAT AUTHORIZES THE BELIEVERS TO FIGHT WITH THE DISBELIEVERS UNTIL THERE REMAINS NO FITNAH
TAQS.URO MIN AS.- S.ALAAH = SHORTEN / CURTAIL FROM THE PRAYERS.
The translators have NEGLECTED the word MIN (FROM) in their translations.
No one can shorten FROM the prayers all the time. (24 HOURS)
This DISCOUNT is not applicable to JUST the FIVE TIMES PRAYER but irrespective of it
If we read the verse with a little wisdom and go a little deep we understand that, it is a SIN if we shorten FROM the PRAYERS when there is NO FEAR OF PERSECUTION of the disbelievers when marching forth in the land for fighting.
No one has taken the care to understand why it is a SIN in normal circumstance to shorten FROM the prayer. Remember the prayer is established for the REMEMBRANCE of Allah and therefore the shortening or reduction in the REMEMBRANCE of Allah in respect of TIME or UNIT should not be a cause of SIN.
"Verily I am Allah there is no god but I so serve thou me (only) and ESTABLISH PRAYER for MY REMEMBRANCE 2014
WHAT IS, THAT SIN?
They wish that you reject Faith, as they have rejected (Faith), and thus that you all become equal (like one another). So take not Auliya' (protectors or friends) from them, till they SURRENDER in the Way of Allah. But if they turn back take (hold) of them and kill them wherever you find them, and take neither Auliya' (protectors or friends) nor helpers from them. 490
EXCEPT THOSE who join a group, between you and whom there is a treaty (of peace), or those who approach you with their breasts restraining from fighting you as well as fighting their own people. Had Allah willed, indeed He would have given them power over you, and they would have fought you. So if they withdraw from you, and fight not against you, and offer you peace, then Allah has OPENED NO WAY FOR YOU AGAINST THEM. 491
They are those with whom you made a TREATY, but they break their TREATY every time and they do not fear Allah. So if you gain the mastery over them in war, punish them severely in order to disperse those who are behind them, so that they may learn a lesson. If you FEAR TREACHERY from any people throw back (their TREATY) to them (so as to be) on equal terms. Certainly Allah likes not the treacherous. Let not those who disbelieve deem that they have escaped, verily they cannot frustrate. 856/57/58/59
How (can there be such a covenant with them) that when you are overpowered by them, they regard not the ties, either of kinship or of covenant with you? With (good words from) their mouths they please you, but their hearts are averse to you, and most of them are Fasiqun (rebellious, disobedient to Allah). 98
With regard to a believer, they respect not the ties, either of kinship or of covenant! It is they who are the transgressors. 910
BELIEVERS are PROHIBITED to fight with those DISBELIEVERS who join a group with whom the believers have a TREATY OF PEACE and those who approach them with their breasts restraining from fighting them as well as fighting their own people. Those DISBELIEVERS who withdraw from them, and fight not against them, and offer them peace, then Allah has OPENED NO WAY FOR THEM AGAINST such DISBELIEVERS.
But if the BELIEVERS, when they march forth in the land for fighting, fear TREACHERY of the TREATY of peace or PERSECUTION of the DISBELIEVERS then they have the right to throw away their TREATIES of peace and attack them because they respect neither the ties of kinship nor the TREATY of peace once they overpower the believers, as the disbelievers are the transgressors.
These are the SALAAT (COMMITMENTS) of FIGHTING and the BELIEVERS can HOLD BACK FROM the COMMITMENTS, while on the march to fight, and attack the DISBELIEVERS if the BELIEVERS fear TREACHERY of the TREATY of peace and PERSECUTION.
In PEACEFUL conditions it is a SIN to ATTACK the DISBELIEVERS with whom the believers have a TREATY OF PEACE, with those disbelievers who join a group with whom the believers have a TREATY OF PEACE and those who approach them with their breasts restraining from fighting them as well as fighting their own people. Those disbelievers, who withdraw from them, and fight not against them, and offer them peace.
AND WHEN YOU ARE WITH THEM, then establish COMMITMENTS (duties of fighting) for them let one party of them stand up WITH YOU and let them take THEIR ARMS and when they have SUBMITTED let them take their positions in the rear and let the other party come up which hath not yet COMMITTED (to the duties of fighting) and let them COMMIT (to the duties of the fighting) WITH YOU and let them take THEIR PRECAUTIONS and THEIR ARMS the unbelievers wish if ye were negligent of your ARMS and your BAGGAGE (portable equipment of army) to assault you in a single rush but there is no sin on you if ye put away YOUR ARMS because of the INJURIES from RAIN (showers of arrows and swords) or because ye are ill; but take YOUR PRECAUTIONS. For the unbelievers Allah hath prepared a humiliating punishment. 4102
When are ARMS carried? During TRAVEL or WAR?
Who travel in GROUPS with ARMS and BAGGAGE?
The TRAVELERS or the WARRIORS?
When are the PRECAUTIONS taken? In TRAVEL or WAR?
When the prophet is among such believers who are marching forth in the land for fighting, then he must set up FOR THEM the COMMITMENTS (duties of fighting) and one party should stand WITH him with the ARMS and SUBMIT (to the duties of fighting) then let them take their positions in the rear after SUBMITTING. The second party, which has not yet COMMITTED to the duties of fighting, should come forward and COMMIT to the duties of fighting WITH the prophet, taking their PRECAUTIONS and THEIR ARMS
It is not a command to lead the prayers, but it is a COMMAND to the prophet that IF HE IS AMONG THOSE who march forth in the land for fighting THEN he should SET / ESTABLISH the duties of fighting FOR THEM. This did not happen just once but in almost all fights.
The prayers are always offered BEHIND the IMAM (prophet) and not WITH the IMAM (prophet)
AGAINST THEM make ready your STRENGTH to the utmost of your POWER including STEEDS of war to strike terror into (the hearts of) the enemies of Allah and your enemies and others besides whom ye may not know but whom Allah doth know. Whatever ye shall spend in the cause of Allah shall be repaid unto you and ye shall not be treated unjustly. But IF THEY INCLINE TO PEACE, YOU ALSO INCLINE TO IT, and (put your) trust in Allah. Verily, He is the All-Hearer, the All-Knower 860/61
The above verse commands the BELIEVERS to be READY with utmost power to fight the enemies known and unknown, round the clock. Verse 4102 also reflect the same meaning while marching forth in the land for fighting.
?but there is no sin on you if ye put away your arms because of the INJURIES from RAIN or because ye are ill;
Does RAINFALL cause INJURIES?
WA- AMT.ARNAA cALAY -HIM MAT.AR(AN) FA- UNZ.UR KAYFA KAANA cAAQIBAH AL- MUJRIMEN 784
And (AMT.ARNAA) We rained down on them a SHOWER (of brimstone) then see what was the end of those who indulged in sin and crime! 784
And indeed they have passed by the town on which was (UMT.IRAT) rained the evil (MAT.AR) rain. Did they (disbelievers) not then see it (with their own eyes)? Nay! But they used not to expect for any resurrection. 2540
The SHOWER OF ARROWS and SWORDS of the enemy is the cause of the injuries. Thus there is no blame on those who suffer injuries and those who are ill to put their arms aside, but let them take precautions. (It's a war LIKE situation)
FA- 'IDHAA QAD.AYTUM AS.- S.ALAAH FA- UDHKURO 'ALLAAH QIYAAM(AN) WA- QUcOD(AN) WA- cALAA JUNOB -KUM FA- 'IDHAA IT.MA'NANTUM FA- AQEMO AS.- S.ALAAH 'INNA AS.- S.ALAAH KAANAT cALAA AL- MU'MINEN KITAAB(AN) MAWQOT(AN) 4103
Then when you performed / complied / fulfilled the COMMITMENTS (duties of fighting), REMEMBER Allah, standing and sitting and lying on your sides. Then when ye are secure, execute the COMMITMENTS (scheduled remembrance and glorifications of Allah) Verily the COMMITMENTS (scheduled remembrance and glorifications of Allah) are prescribed unto the believers at definite times. 4103
FA- 'IDHAA IT.MA'NANTUM = Then when ye are SECURE
It means that conditions before this were not PEACEFUL but HOSTILE; therefore IF the prayers are to be shortened, THEN it has to be in HOSTILE conditions and SUBJECT to PERSECUTION and not in ORDINARY TRAVEL as the Muslims practice.
Apart from the two PRAYERS, SALAAT Al FAJR and SALAAT Al EISHA and its timings, which are to be observed in the proximity of the night, there are no timings and name of the other THREE PRAYERS.
Remember when this verse was revealed there was no watch to know the 24 hours time and therefore to know the fixed time of the prayer was next to impossible, ESPECIALLY THE FIXED TIME OF ASR AND EISHA.
Allah has clearly mentioned the two SALAAT with NAMES and its TIMINGS and that can be established without a watch.
And execute the COMMITMENTS (scheduled remembrance and glorifications of Allah) at the two ends of the day and in the proximity of the night. Verily, the good deeds remove the evil deeds that is a reminder for the mindful 11114
The two SALAAT are to be offered in the proximity of the night and this needs no watch. The fixed watch time OF THE FIVE RITUAL PRAYERS changes round the year but the one mentioned by Allah do not change.
Thanks
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Peace Hafeez,
This is a brilliant explanation of this verse and the verses in context. Thanks for posting it.
The two SALAAT are to be offered in the proximity of the night and this needs no watch. The fixed watch time OF THE FIVE RITUAL PRAYERS changes round the year but the one mentioned by Allah do not change.
This is a great observation. What is your understanding of the two salats named with times of day in conjunction with 4 103? I?ve always understood this to be a general injunction but I am not sure. They are mentioned with privacy and the reason for this privacy is obvious at these times.
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Peace Grourself
And establish prayers (scheduled remembrance and glorification of Allah) at the two ends of the day and in the proximity of the night for those things that are good remove those that are evil be that the word of remembrance to those who remember (their Lord) 11114 (revealed in Mecca)
This is the first Ayah, which commands the believers to establish the prayers at definite times.
Then when you performed / complied / fulfilled the COMMITMENTS (duties of fighting), REMEMBER Allah, standing and sitting and lying on your sides. Then when ye are secure, execute the COMMITMENTS (scheduled remembrance and glorifications of Allah) Verily the COMMITMENTS (scheduled remembrance and glorifications of Allah) are prescribed unto the believers at definite times. 4103 (revealed in Medina)
This Ayah confirms the definite times of the prayers mentioned in verse 11114
O ye who believe! let those whom your right hands possess and the (children) among you who have not come of age ask your permission (before they come to your presence) on three occasions before morning prayer; the while ye doff your clothes for the noonday heat; and after the late-night prayer these are your three times of undress outside those times it is not wrong for you or for them to move about attending to each other thus does Allah make clear the Signs to you for Allah is full of knowledge and wisdom. 2458
Verses 2458 /59 60/61 are guidelines and instructions of Allah to the believers.
Allah has given the two best timings to approach our wives After and before the two prayers, and at NOON.
This verse also contradicts the FRIDAY (noon) PRAYER.
Verse 4103 instruct the believers to TAKE REST at NOON.
O ye who believe! when the call is proclaimed to prayer on Friday (NOON) hasten earnestly to the Remembrance of Allah and LEAVE OFF BUSINESS (and traffic) that is best for you if ye but knew! 629
And when the Prayer is finished then may ye disperse through the land and SEEK THE BOUNTY OF ALLAH and celebrate the Praises of Allah often (and without stint) that ye may prosper. 6210
Verse 629/10 commands the believers on Friday NOON to leave of all the business and run towards the remembrance of Allah AND SEEK THE BOUNTIES OF ALLAH AFTER FINISHING THE PRAYERS.
How can Allah contradict HIS own verses?
How can Allah instruct the believers to take rest at NOON and then later command the believers to SEEK BOUNTIES at (FRIDAY) NOON?
Therefore the FRIDAY prayers are invention by the later Muslims.
The name of the Islamic days are numbered
Yaum Al Ahad = Sunday
Yaum Al Ithnain = Monday
Yaum Al Thalathah = Tuesday
Yaum Al Arbaa' = Wednesday
Yaum Al Khamis = Thursday
Yaum Al Sittah = Friday
Yaum Al Sabah = SaturdayYaum AL Juma'a is, but a day of gathering.
Thanks
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Peace,
Thanks for your reply. I will continue to ponder what you have written and I am sure there are no Friday prayers. lol
Perhaps you could include 95 to strengthen 4102, "And when you are with them establish the commitment?" because at the end of 4101 it says "?the disbelievers are your manifest enemies".
So when the disbelievers are with you - establish the commitment with them. The commitment of the disbelievers is their agreement to uphold the peace treaty as indicated in 95
"?As long as they observe their commitment (to keep the treaty) and keep them pure, you shall pardon them".
When you link 95 with 4102 then it is logical to explain that although the disbelievers are our manifest enemies, we still can commit ourselves to establish a treaty with them, instead of establishing the ritual prayers together with them (traditional interpretation), which is impossible and makes no sense.
In 96 "if any of them seek assistance we must assist them and give them a chance to hear God's words". So the treaty could ultimately cause some disbelievers to seek assistance from us to learn about the deen.
The fight between the believers and the disbelievers is about promoting the truth. To do that we have to challenge them as indicated in 91-4. There is no need to participate in any armed struggle - unless they aggress against us.
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Peace Grourself
Thanks for taking interest and for your inputs.
There is some confusion in understanding this verse.
Your Quote
Perhaps you could include 95 to strengthen 4102, "And WHEN YOU ARE WITH THEM establish the commitment?" because at the end of 4101 it says "?the disbelievers are your manifest enemies".So when the DISBELIEVERS ARE WITH YOU - establish the commitment WITH THEM. The commitment of the disbelievers is their agreement to uphold the peace treaty as indicated in 95
According to me it is "WHEN THE PROPHET IS AMONG THE BELIEVERS"
But according to you it is " WHEN THE PROPHET IS AMONG THE DISBELIEVERS"
Now let us focus on your understanding and interpret the verse 4101 accordingly.
When thou (O Apostle) art with them (DISBELIEVERS) then establish (LA HUM) FOR THEM (THE DISBELIEVERS) the COMMITMENTS (TREATY OF PEACE) let one party (OF DISBELIEVERS) of them stand up with thee taking THEIR ARMS with them when THEY (ONE PARTY OF THE DISBELIEVERS) HAVE SUBMITTED let them take their positions in the rear and let the other party (OTHER DISBELIEVERS) come up which hath not yet COMMITTED and let them (DISBELIEVERS) COMMIT with thee taking all PRECAUTIONS and ARMS the DISBELIEVERS wish if ye were negligent of YOUR (BELIEVERS) ARMS and your BAGGAGE to ASSAULT you (BELIEVERS) in a single rush but there is no blame on you (BELIEVERS) if ye put away your ARMS because of the inconvenience of rain or because ye are ill; but take (every) precaution for yourselves. For the UNBELIEVERS Allah hath prepared a humiliating punishment. 4102
It is difficult to understand the massage, if we consider that the prophet is with the DISBELIEVERS.
Verse 4101 teach the believers how to arrange the fight with disbelievers by following the guidelines.
THIS VERSE IS REVEALED IN THE CONTEXT OF FIGHTING and NOT TREATY OF PEACE.
You recapitulations of main points of arguments are PERFECT but you got confused when you clubbed verse 95 with verse 4101
This is purely my understanding after a thorough research, but SINCE I am a human being and at the same time a learner, the chances of error are never discounted.
Surah Tauba is revealed in the context of TREATY.
There shall be no further treaty with the DISBELIEVERS, and Allah and His Messenger are free from all obligations unto those of the DISBELIEVERS with whom the believers (cAAHADTUM) HAD A TREATY of peace. 91
A FOUR MONTHS time is offered to the DISBELIEVERS to repent or face the inevitable war. 92
A proclamation from Allah and His apostle to the polytheist, that they are free from all obligations 93
EXCEPT THOSE with whom the believers (cAAHADTUM) HAD A TREATY OF PEACE and have not failed in aught, nor aided anyone against the believers, the balance period of the treaty should be completed 94
Once the forbidden months (THE FOUR MONTHS OFFERED TO THE DISBELIEVERS TO REPENT) are past then the believers can kill the disbelievers who do not accept the terms and conditions of the believers. And those, with whom there was a treaty of peace, will also meet the same fate, after the completion of their period of treaty, if they also do not repent and accept the terms and conditions of the believers. 95
Hope this explains you PERFECTLY.
Thanks
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Peace Hafeez,
These are important verses to prove to the traditionalists that it is not a shortened prayer.
Here is what I understand
I don?t see the subject change from the DISBELIEVERS in 4101.
I understand from 4103 (in this context) that when you are no longer in fear of treachery from those DISBELIEVERS who have a commitment with you that you now keep the commitment not to fight them as promised. You are finished with the reduced commitment of allowing them to be armed and fight in your presence but separated from each other. You are reminded of the fixed commitment not to fight them (when there is no fear of treachery and you are secure).
4104 indicates that the hostilities are not yet over and you are to continue with the pursuit of the original enemy, those with whom you have no commitment not to fight.
THIS VERSE IS REVEALED IN THE CONTEXT OF FIGHTING and NOT TREATY OF PEACE.
I understand this differently since the mithaq is mentioned in 490. I think it is both, some you have a treaty with and some you don?t.
I could be totally wrong -) but I will think about it both ways again.
I am always eager to read the results of your research. Thanks.