Sura Lahab

bkanwar2

?All truths are easy to understand once they are discovered; the point is to discover them."
-- Galileo Galilei,

(Acknowledgement My utmost gratitude for Abun Nur, for editing and giving valuable input about concept clarification in English Language).

Surah 111 1

A pronouncement of advice about one?s state of utter spiritual ruin is made clear. It is from hatred and refusal of a thing requiring action because of violent emotional feelings. This is, ?one?s state of utter spiritual ruin?.

Syntactical Explanation This is a verbal sentence.
It is the verbal sentence including both predicate or verb/action of the sentence or . As well subject or agent of the sentence or .
this is the verbal adjective, or
This is called ?about predicate or verb/action? or
This is a connective particle.
This whole verbal sentence.
Grammatical/Lexical Explanation

it is a verb root is , the two are combined due rule of indicated by shadda above. at the end traditionalist think is for third person female.
I think it is a particle. Lane, cites it as particle allocution, which means ?a formal or authoritative speech or advice?.1
The root meanings, ?he became lost or suffers diminution or perdition or death?2. The English word perdition means, state of final spiritual ruin and utter destruction. These meanings are chosen due attachment of ?particle of allocution? at the end.

traditionalists call it to mean hands. However word that is used for hands its root is only or and there is no Hemza as third letter of root. 2
Hence, to me it is an imperfect of root 3 it belongs to week verb class according to rule when a is added at the beginning as sign of the first letter of root a ?waw? is dropped. Its root meanings ?he made it plain or clear?.

is not father, its root is and it is a noun from this root. The root meanings ?he refused; or refrained, abstained voluntarily or of his own free will of a thing or affair?. 4

is noun from root ?ardent, inflamed etc?

is conjunct particle here it is translated as ?this is?.

explained above.

Surah 111 2

What enables more freedom from all needs for one? One?s substantive thought and actions or whatever one earns as wealth?

Syntactic Explanation This is a nominal sentence. It is interrogative followed by its answer.
This is an interrogative noun or . This is subject or of the sentence.
This the predicate of the sentence or
This about the predicate or
This again is the Subject of sentence.
This is the predicate of sentence.
Grammatical/Lexical Explanation

has several uses and meanings here ?what? is more appropriate.

comparative noun root meaning ?freedom from needs?. ?more? is added due this a comparative noun.
.

it is combination of particle meaning ?for? and a pronoun meaning ?him?.

again combination of from root . Second letter waw change due to rule described before as alif. Meaning usually wealth, but it also means ?something of/with substance?5,6, in end it has attached personal pronoun as above.

a particle meaning ?or whatever?

a verb root same meanings ?he collected or earned wealth?

Surah 111 3
One shall closely follow intellectual light that imparts knowledge and truth; not be a possessor of violent emotional feelings.

Syntactical Explanation This a verbal sentence
It is the verbal sentence including both predicate or verb/action of the sentence or . As well subject or agent of the sentence or .
This is verbal adjective or of the sentence
This is called ?about predicate or verb/action? or
Grammatical/Lexical Explanation

it is imperfect from root it has prefixed at the beginning letter , it is a marker for future time. The root meaning is ?to follow closely neck to neck, in horse race runner up horse is called .?

in a noun from root again ?waw? changed due rule described before. It?s meaning usually ?light? but also ?he rendered apparent and evident? or ?enlightment? 7,8 , this is picked due to context. The meanings of English word enlightment are used in the translation.

from root meaning ?not a possessor?

noun described above.

Surah 111 4

The aforementioned, shall help one, in quality of mind by keeping safe from harm or injury to inner personality that is turned toward the unconscious of the individual made to keep in existence i.e., good virtues, therefore, take upon the utmost responsibility as the helper in these regards.

Syntactic Explanation This is a nominal sentence.
This is subject or of the sentence.
This the predicate of the sentence or
Grammatical/Lexical explanation

again waw connector particle followed by a word usually considered to be as a word to mean "woman".
However, it is compound or . The first word is from root and it followed by third person singular pronoun.
Root has an explanation in Lane, as ?manly perfection; consisting in abstinence from things unlawful things; or preserving soul from filthy actions; or in a quality of mind by preserving which man is made to preserve in good manners and habits.

it is verbal noun a measure of from root root meanings
?he bore or took responsibility upon himself? due measure brings meanings of intensity and repetition, hence, ?utmost? is added.

definite article ?al? followed by a noun that has the same three letter root meaning ? he aided or assisted in it?. Both of these words together form a compound or .

Surah 111 5

Excellence is in these virtues; make a covenant of perseverance in these throughout life.

Syntactical Explanation There two sentences first three words constitute, what is called ?a local sentence? or 9. This is followed by a nominal sentence but interconnected.

Grammatical/Lexical Explanation

a particle with several meanings here ?in?

it is noun from root , meaning ?he excelled?. this a third person singular feminine possessive noun.

noun from root same three letter meaning usually ?he twisted like a rope? but it also means ?he made a covenant?.

a particle with several meanings, here ?on account of or for the sake of?

a noun from a root which has same three letters, meaning ?he pursued a journey laboriously and with energy

References

E.W.Lane; An Arabic-English Lexicon, 1968, Vol. 1, Page 37
http//ejtaal.net/aa/#hw4=1309,ll=3073,ls=85,la=4950,sg=1257,ha=913,br=1079,pr=173,vi=396,mgf=875,mr=808,mn=1587,aan=752,kz=3025,uqq=450,ulq=1844,uqa=465,uqw=1913,umr=1204,ums=1015,umj=967,bdw=980,amr=714,asb=1106,auh=1789,dhq=626,mht=990,msb=267,tla=100,amj=1051,ens=1,mis=620
Ibid; Vol. 8, page 2932.
Ibid; Vol. 1, page 12-13.
A.A Nadwi; Vocabulary of Quran, page 621.
John Penrice; A dictionary and Glossary of the Kor-an. Reprint 1991, India. Page 142.
Hans Wehr; Arabic-English Dictionary. 4th Edition, Page. 1182.
F J Steinngass; Arabic-English Dictionary. 1884, Page. 1155.
W. Wright; Arabic Grammar. 3rd Edition, Dover Publications, INC. 1932. Vol 2, page 251.

beanditis

Very good