What is Al-Kauthar?
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Abundance, is a transitive verb. He gave in abundance? Naturally this is an incomplete sentence due nature of the verb. The speaker needs to clarify abundance of what? Why isn't there any answer in traditionally translation of the text?
Regards,
It is Kothar-wa-Khasis
Kothar, ( West Semitic ?skill?) also called Kothar-wa-Khasis (?skill-and-cunning?), ancient West Semitic god of crafts, equivalent of the Greek god Hephaestus. Kothar was responsible for supplying the gods with weapons and for building and furnishing their palaces. During the earlier part of the 2nd millennium bc, Kothar?s forge was believed to be on the biblical Caphtor (probably Crete), though later, during the period of Egyptian domination of Syria and Palestine, he was identified with the Egyptian god Ptah, patron of craftsmen, and his forge was thus located at Memphis in Egypt. According to Phoenician tradition, Kothar was also the patron of magic and inventor of magical incantations; in addition, he was believed to have been the first poet.
Peace
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Kautar is a well-attested god in canaanite religion. He was the helper of the main God, El.
I don't see how this can be confused for anything else. It's quite literally referring to that (false) god. There are plenty non-quranic, non-biblical references to that name.
Kautar was also the prototype for the later Khidr. See chapter 18, verses 65?82 for more Quranic sources on this same figure.
From wiki
Ugaritic god Kothar-wa-Khasis or the Prototype of Khidr
A contemporary modern hypothesis on Khidr's prototype compares him with the Ugaritic god Kothar-wa-Khasis. First of all, both figures possess wisdom and secret knowledge. According to the Quran, "Khidr" (although not named directly) has a special wisdom and esoteric knowledge (hikmah and ilm al-ladun). Kothar has also special wisdom and his name means "Skillful and Wise" or "Adroit and Perceptive" or "Deft and Clever". Hasisu means wisdom, intelligence in Babylonian, also in some ancient Near Eastern languages. Not only his name, but according to some scholars Kothar's epithet hyn also means wise or clever (Syrian hawna intelligence or ability). Kothar is a craftsman god and almost all blacksmiths and craftsmen are wise, clever and skillful figures in the mythology. Because people believed that they have some secret powers and wisdom to work metals; for example in Greek epic, Hephaistos is praised not only for his craftsmanship, but with intellectual epithets appropriate to Odysseus. He is described as klytomtis (renowned for mind) and klytotechns (renowned for skill) by Homeros. Blacksmiths and craftsmen played a central role in ancient society. They made many tools that people needed, from agricultural tools like the reaping-hook (the sickle or scythe) to weapons like arrows, spears, axes and swords. They made musical instruments, too. Therefore, the metalworkers or craftsmen were considered the lords of many social inventions like agriculture, music, writing, fire, etc. As a direct result of their social status, they were seen as wise, intelligent figures in mythology, Kothar too.Secondly, Kothar and Khidr are dragon slayers or they help some figures to kill a dragon. Kothar helps Baal to kill Yam-Nahar by making weapons for him. Khidr helps Sufis or wali's like Sar Saltuk to struggle with a dragon. According to some other stories he plays a central role, not that of a helper, and slays the dragon himself. For example, the people who live in Antakya (Turkey) tell a story about this feature of Khidr and it originates from the story of Baal and Yam Nahar. Strabo tells the same story, but his characters are different; Zeus and Typhon. The another one which mentioned Khidr himself as a dragon slayer, quoted by Flemish ambassador Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq (16th century). In some regions, especially in the frontiers of Asia Minor, Khidr is seen as a dragon slayer, because he took the place of Saint George or other warrior saints like Saint Theodore (Theodore of Amasea) who fights against the dragons. However, it can't be explained only by this continuity. The myth of the dragon slayer was very popular in the ancient Near East and the divine smiths were usually assistant figures to make weapons for the chief gods of this mythological scenario, but they were also seen as a dragon slayer in some myths. In Kurdish mythology Kaveh the blacksmith (Kawa) kills an evil king Zahhak who was only a personification of the Avestan dragon Azhi Dahaka. According to a Scottish tale, from the another side of the world, the blacksmith of Kirkudbright defeated the White Snake of Mote Hill. Moreover, Kothar has fought against Behemoth and some other monstrous beings in Ugaritic mythology. A Ugaritic text tells it In the sea are Arshu and the dragon, May Kothar and Hasis drive (them) away, May Kothar-and-Hasis cut (them) off.
Kothar and Khidr are known as "sailor" figures who are symbolically associated with sea, lake and rivers. Chusor is an inventor of the boat and he saves sailors. It believed that he was the first voyager on a boat. Khidr helps people when they need help and the most of these dangerous conditions are about seas, lakes and rivers, etc. For example, he sometimes helps children when they are drowning in the water or he helps boatmen during stormy weather. The Alevi Kurds of Dersim saw him as a savior and describe him as a "sovereign of the seas". He is a patron "saint" of the rivers in India. This characteristic feature of Khidr is not only from new syncretisms, it is basically connected with Kothar's characteristic features. Because Chusor (Kothar) was inventor of the boat and sailors believe that he protects them when they voyage. One of his epithets was bn ym (son of the sea). Khidr often has some characteristics of a sailor, even in cultural areas which are not directly linked to the sea, like mountainous Dersim. It may be evident that Khidr originally comes from the culture of a people who inhabited the seashore. He has transformed to a wanderer by the cultural effects of darwishs and wanderer Sufis.
Above their all characteristics, the status of Kothar can't be denied to show this continuity. Kothar is an assistant or "a servant god" in Ugaritic mythology. He helps Baal and builds a palace for him, but he is actually a "servant of supreme god EL". Thus, he is accepted as one of the divine servants in Ugarit, because Keret, son of El, is also called a "servant of El". It's a very interesting point, because according to the Quran, Khidr is "a servant of Allah" ('abd min 'ibdinā. Besides, the names of Allah and El are very similar to each other. It is known that they come from a common root. By the similar or common elements, it can be seen easily as part of their continuity.
Kothar and Khidr bring fertility. Kothar controls and customizes the seasons. Like some craftsmen or blacksmiths, Kothar is associated with agriculture. Among the Dogon people of Mali the heavenly smith has a role of civilizing hero; he brings down grain from heaven and reveals agriculture to mankind. In the Bible Cain (meaning perhaps smith) was a farmer and 'blacksmith', although he was not the inventor of agriculture. The Welsh smith Govannon had agricultural powers as well, for it was he who cleaned the plows at the end of planting, to ensure that the tools abundance would serve another year. Evidently, Kothar's profession, which is associated with agriculture among some cultures, has a good reason for him to get a new position in time. Some peoples of the Levant, especially the people of ancient Cyprus, believed that Kautar (that is Kothar) was father of Tamoza/Tammuz (deity), the god of fertility. Thus, Khidr became a special figure of new syncretisms in late periods. Because Kautar (later Khidr) and his son Tamoza (Adonis) have been compared with Ali and his son Hussein (Husayn). In some contexts they identified with each other. Khidr and Ali have almost the same position in Islamic mystic thought and some Shiite beliefs and they can take the place of each other. In some contexts Khidr is identified with Husayn, sometimes with the last imam or Mahdi. The mythological scene show very strong syncretisms. It can be described like this El (deity) and his son Baal, Kautar (Kothar) and his son Tamoza (Adonis), Ali and his son Hussein. The names of El (deity) and Ali are similar to each other and it was an onomastic invitation for some new beliefs about Ali, Husayn and Khidr. There are many other connection points like their abodes. El's abode is at the source of two rivers. According to the Quran "Khidr"s abode is majma-ul bahrayn; that is, the junction of two seas. In ancient texts El's abode is described as the stream of two seas. Kothar constructs a house from Lebanon trees for El and then burns a fire in the house for seven days. After the fire has transformed and refined the form of the palace, it is mimetically identical with its archetype on the axis mundi, where El resides. Majma-ul bahrayn is also on axis mundi and may be therefore some scholars like Du Buission pointed to parallelism between El's abode and majma-ul bahrayn. It's very important that Arabic al-Kawthar which means a river of the paradise, is etymologically connected with the name of Ugaritic divine craftman, Kothar. Moreover like Ea and El, Kothar's dwelling is also associated with waters.
Kothar was the lord of wise words and good speech. According to Phoenician tradition, Kothar was also inventor of magical incantations; in addition, he was believed to have been the first poet. He is actually a soothsayer and magician, creating sacred words and spells, in part because there is an association in many cultures of metalworking deities with magic. Sanchuniathon says that Chusor invented the art of composing chants and incantations. In Ugaritic texts kotharat means singer women. Actually in mythology the blacksmiths and craftsmen play important role as a poet, musician and magician. The same associations are to be found among the Turco-Tartars and Mongols, where the smith is linked with heroes, singers and poets. Like them, Khidr teaches a kind of dhikr (Arabisch; "remembrance (of God)", "pronouncement", "invocation" to some Sufis like Abdulhalik Gucduvani. But it seems that it was not only an echo of Kothar, it is also a strong effect of Surush (or Surosh) who was originally a Zoroastrian divinity Sraosha and Khidr took his place when Islam was introduced to Iran and became the dominant religion there. By the Islamisation process in Iran, Surush (Sraosha) was accepted as a messenger angel and also identified with Jibril (Gabriel). Because at the same time Surush was an inspirational figure to poets. According to a rumor the Islamic prophet Muhammad has learned a devotion by Khidr. It's more interesting that Khidr is seen as their ancestral master or pir (Sufism) among the ashiks. According to the ashiks' tradition, Khidr gives to apprentices the art of poetry and he helps them for their initiation. The continuity is comprehensible, because in mythic mentality the eloquence and especially the poem is associated with the ritm and melody of craftsmen's work. Its echo can be understood with the origins of the English word poem (and poetry). It comes from Latin poma, from Ancient Greek (poima), from (poio, ?I make?).
On the other hand, the craftsmen or blacksmiths were seen the lord of writing and it is interesting that the master calligraphers of Ottoman Turkey were sure that their talent was the gift of otherworldly powers; they were iniated by Khidr or Hazret 'Ali. In ancient times the people thoughts that the writing was a magic work and it's often regarded at first as an instrument of the secret and magic power. Therefore, it might be created by craftsmen and blacksmiths who have same power. Besides, the cuneiform was a craft. First of all; it was not easy to write on a clay tablet and to produce a good clay tablet must have been one of the first tasks of an apprentice scribe. Kothar were indirectly associated with the art of writing. Although Kothar was not a patron of scribes, it is very important that Nabu was known as a patron of the scribes, because some scholars think that Ea is a prototype of Kothar. According to another opinion, Kothar's prototype is Egyptian god Ptah. Ptah's son Imhotep was known as a patron of the scribes. It points that the divine craftsmen and blacksmiths who were also gods of good speech or wise words in mythology, have been transformed to lords of the writing in time. It can be seen in some mythologies that the lord of eloquence is inventor of the writing, too. For example, Irish god Ogma was the lord of eloquence, poetry, and rhetoric. But he had a truly remarkable skill as a poet and he invented the earliest system of writing used in Ireland Ogham. The another one, Sigurd who was one of the most famous mythological German heroes, had learned the skill of the rune writing by the smith Regin.
The another characteristic continuity between Kothar and Khidr is their soft and skilled hands. In Ugaritic texts, Kothar is mentioned as a skilled hand (hrsh yd). Actually, most blacksmiths in mythology were described with such attributions. One of the epithets of the Greek blacksmith Hephaistos, which was used less frequently, was "skilled with both hands" or "all-skilled hands". There are many linguistic remainders which show a symbolic connection between the smithy, skillfulness and hand. For example, in the Ethiopian language, ?ma or ?amma means blacksmith, skillful and it comes from ? which means hand. In Ethiopian language, ?? wxe and ?? wrq means also blacksmith, but literally of good or golden hand. In Igbo language the word for arts and craft is nka which derives from the another Igbo word aka and aka means hand. In this context it is very important that Khidr can be recognize by his soft hands among the people. Because the people of Levant and Asia Minor believe that he has boneless hands. Some Sufis teach that we will all meet Khidr at least once in our lifetime, that you will recognize him when you shake hands with a white bearded man with no bone in his thumb. Actually hand or soft hands metaphorically refers skillfulness, generosity and abundance. There is a term in Arabic for skilled men and women which derived from Arabic hand (yad). On the other hand Arabic semahat used in Islamic mysticism for to be generous and to be soft.
Like some blacksmiths and craftsmen, Kothar indirectly, Khidr is directly associated with immortality. In mythology blacksmiths and craftsmen have secret power to get immortality and the healing powers were often attributed to them. In many countries the smith is seen as a medicine man. Vedic craftsman Tvastar is the former of the bodies of men and animals and invoked when desiring offspring, called garbha-pati or the lord of the womb. He is also the guardian of Soma that conveys the experience of immortality, is a healer and gives absolution. He made of the goblet for Soma drink. In Welsh beliefs Govannon (Gofannon) yeasted a kind of immortality beer. In Yakut mythology K'daai Maksin (Kdaai) is the divine blacksmith and he repairs the broken or amputated limbs of heroes. According to the another Yakut belief their ancestor Elliei was the first blacksmith and he has been seen as a healer. Because they believe that smiths have the power to cure by natural means without the assistance of spirits, as do the Shamans. According to an Acanti myth a blacksmith sent by the God to Earth to make a dozen men and animals. Mircea Eliade shows in his work The Forge and the Crucible The Origins and Structure of Alchemy that the divine blacksmith of mythology makes elixir of immortality as an alchemist. In Irish mythology, C? Chulainn (Culain) made a new dog for himself after his savior dog was dead. Mcleish thinks that Ugaritic craftsman Kothar has also same feature. Khidr is described as a holding a cup/goblet in some Alevi divine songs. The cup or goblet symbolize the immortality. On the other hand the Nusayris of Antakya (Turkey) believe that Khidr can operate men like a surgeon. According to some Islamic epic romances he repairs the broken limbs of warriors. It's told in Danishmendname that Khidr has repaired the broken hand of Artuhi who was a friend of Melik Danishmend Gazi. He heals also mental illness. For example the shrine of Beit Jala (near Bethlehem) is associated with Khidr by Muslims who believe it's miraculous cures of mental illness. Even more importantly Khidr known everywhere as an immortal figure, from Balkans to India.
Peace
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Kautar is a well-attested god in canaanite religion. He was the helper of the main God, El.
I don't see how this can be confused for anything else. It's quite literally referring to that (false) god. There are plenty non-quranic, non-biblical references to that name.
Kautar was also the prototype for the later Khidr. See chapter 18, verses 65?82 for more Quranic sources on this same figure.
From wiki
Peace
This cannot make sense, how can Allah give Muhammad a god? kauthar comes from katheer, plenty, even the gist of the sura is about providing.
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This cannot make sense, how can Allah give Muhammad a god? kauthar comes from katheer, plenty, even the gist of the sura is about providing.
Please guys, care to comment upon linguistic rules of understanding presented by refuting and or presenting counter rules. More fairy tales are not going to help.
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Please guys, care to comment upon linguistic rules of understanding presented by refuting and or presenting counter rules. More fairy tales are not going to help.
Peace
As a native Arabic speaker, I don't care about rules, memory of language is enough for me.
but if you want
3 letters root word ka tha ra = increase.
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Thanks, now please tell us the measure or or this word. Also please cite a referance.
My Arabic stopped at high school, I am not a linguist, and I forgot most I learnt (same with French and English ), I can add other meanings if you wish depending on contexts and colloquialism...
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Consider thid transltion
It is a fact that Our Majesty have indeed granted you the Messenger the unique - ultimate profundity.
Therefore, keep administering As-sa'laat Time bound protocol of allegiance and servitude for your Sustainer Lord; and continue mastering the affairs with the given profundity.
It is a certain fact about the maligner, nurturer of ill-feeling and cattiness against you the Messenger he is the doomed.Read it with 9305 where it was promised.
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The only omission in your anslysis was pointed out. Do you agree or not.
Mazhar, when will you stop behaving like Rabbis? Again answer of a question by another question. If you want to point out an omission give an authentic and accepted reference. That is the literate?s way of having an argument.
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My Arabic stopped at high school, I am not a linguist, and I forgot most I learnt (same with French and English ), I can add other meanings if you wish depending on contexts and colloquialism...
Well my Dear in that case I am afraid we will continue to talk in parallel to each other.
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Well my Dear in that case I am afraid we will continue to talk in parallel to each other.
It led me to thank God that I am not a deer in the possession of anyone.
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Consider thid transltion
It is a fact that Our Majesty have indeed granted you the Messenger the unique - ultimate profundity.
Therefore, keep administering As-sa'laat Time bound protocol of allegiance and servitude for your Sustainer Lord; and continue mastering the affairs with the given profundity.
It is a certain fact about the maligner, nurturer of ill-feeling and cattiness against you the Messenger he is the doomed.Read it with 9305 where it was promised.
Dear Mazhar, show me where the hell in this verse is a mention of Mohammad. I think even a blind of eyes can tell that much by just listening. Unfortunatly, but not ones blind of mind.
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Mazhar, when will you stop behaving like Rabbis? Again answer of a question by another question. If you want to point out an omission give an authentic and accepted reference. That is the literate?s way of having an argument.
You earlier said
Syntactic Explanation
This is a nominal sentence. It has Inna at the start. This imparts certain changes in iraab of its subject and predicate. Its subject gets or accusative case and predicate or nominative case.
It is a combination of particle and first personal plural pronoun
This is a whole sentence as well the predicate of sentence or . This is a verbal sentence. Due pronoun at end it is nominative case or
This is called Subject or . This is due being in or accusative case.
I told you it is NOT but is the second object of verb.
Say whether I correctly pointed out the omission.
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Dear Mazhar, show me where the hell in this verse is a mention of Mohammad. I think even a blind of eyes can tell that much by just listening. Unfortunatly, but not ones blind of mind.
Most of the time you are mindless. Define who is referred by second person masculine pronoun "Ka" suffixed to the Verb. Who is he?