The Quran only recognizes defensive war, no offensive war
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After 9-11 there has been various debates about Islam. Some have said that the terrorist are Islam's true spoken. The so called moderates practice taqiya. Taqiya is the deliberate lying for the faith. They say Islam is a violent religion that commands Muslims to kill non Muslim. Non Muslims have 3 choices, either they convert, pay the jizya(tax) or die. They say Muhammad was peaceful for PR reasons and once strong showed his true colors and preached violent jihad. They say all the peaceful verses were abrogated after his final victory with this verse
9.5. But when the forbidden months are past, then fight and slay the Pagans wherever ye find them, an seize them, beleaguer them, and lie in wait for them in every stratagem (of war); but if they repent, and establish regular prayers and practice regular charity, then open the way for them for God is Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful.
And also this verse
9.29. Fight those who believe not in God nor the Last Day, nor hold that forbidden which hath been forbidden by God and His Messenger, nor acknowledge the religion of Truth, (even if they are) of the People of the Book, until they pay the Jizya with willing submission, and feel themselves subdued.
This verses are chosen for a reason. When read alone it implies a command to attack until they convert. Of course there are other verses in the Koran that talks about fighting. But why do they tend to focus on this one? Its simple, the other verses tend to show the defensive nature of the jihad and also the malicious intent and behavior of the pagans. Thus never cited. Lets look at some of them
2.190. Fight in the cause of God those who fight you, but do not transgress limits; for God loveth not transgressors
2.191. And slay them wherever ye catch them, and turn them out from where they have Turned you out; for tumult and oppression are worse than slaughter; but fight them not at the Sacred Mosque, unless they (first) fight you there; but if they fight you, slay them. Such is the reward of those who suppress faith
2.193. And fight them on until there is no more Tumult or oppression, and there prevail justice and faith in God, but if they cease, Let there be no hostility except to those who practise oppression
Also
2.217. They ask thee concerning fighting in the Prohibited Month. Say "Fighting therein is a grave (offence); but graver is it in the sight of God to prevent access to the path of God, to deny Him, to prevent access to the Sacred Mosque, and drive out its members." Tumult and oppression are worse than slaughter. Nor will they cease fighting you until they turn you back from your faith if they can. And if any of you Turn back from their faith and die in unbelief, their works will bear no fruit in this life and in the Hereafter; they will be companions of the Fire and will abide therein.
All these verses talks about fighting, however within these verses the defensive nature of the verses and the malicious behavior of the pagans is cited. Thus those who wish to attack Islam never cite those verses. Its a deliberate attempt to hide what the Koran as saying and using selective verses to imply what they know the verses does not mean.
Lets however look at the verse that is often cited. This time we will take the verses before and after it to see what is the context this verse is talking.
9.4. (But the treaties are) not dissolved with those Pagans with whom ye have entered into alliance and who have not subsequently failed you in aught, nor aided any one against you. So fulfil your engagements with them to the end of their term for God loveth the righteous.
9.5. But when the forbidden months are past, then fight and slay the Pagans wherever ye find them, an seize them, beleaguer them, and lie in wait for them in every stratagem (of war); but if they repent, and establish regular prayers and practise regular charity, then open the way for them for God is Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful.
- If one amongst the Pagans ask thee for asylum, grant it to him, so that he may hear the word of Allah. and then escort him to where he can be secure. That is because they are men without knowledge. 7. How can there be a league, before Allah and His Messenger, with the Pagans, except those with whom ye made a treaty near the sacred Mosque? As long as these stand true to you, stand ye true to them for Allah doth love the righteous.
Also in the same chapter it explains the reason behind all of these battles fought
9.13. Will ye not fight people who violated their oaths, plotted to expel the Messenger, and took the aggressive by being the first (to assault) you? Do ye fear them? Nay, it is God Whom ye should more justly fear, if ye believe!
The verses clearly indicate that no forced conversion was there.There are standards that the Koran established for fighting.
As for such who do not fight you on account of faith, or drive you forth from your homelands, God does not forbid you to show them kindness and to deal with them with equity, for God loves those who act equitably. God only forbids you to turn in friendship towards such as fight against you because of faith and drive you forth from your homelands or aid in driving you forth . As for those from among you who turn towards them for alliance, it is they who are wrongdoers. 608-9
Permission (to fight) is given to those against whom war is being wrongfully waged, and verily, God has indeed the power to aid them. Those who have been driven from their homelands in defiance of right for no other reason than their saying, ?Our Lord is God.? 2239-40
These verses show us clearly that the battles the believers fought was purely for defensive purposes as the believers were being persecuted because they believed in the teachings of the Quran. The pagans wanted the Quran to cease to exist and wanted the prophet and his followers to perish. This is why freedom of religion in the Quran is sacrosanct. The Koran more than any other literature guaranteed the absolute right for freedom of belief and expression and thought.
The Koran makes clear the job of the prophet
1682 But if they turn away from you, your only duty is a clear delivery of the Message .
6107 Yet if God had so willed, they would not have ascribed Divinity to aught besides Him; hence, We have not made you their keeper, nor are you a guardian over them.
479-80 Say'Whatever good betides you is from God and whatever evil betides you is from your own self and that We have sent you to mankind only as a messenger and all sufficing is God as witness. Whoso obeys the Messenger, he indeed obeys God. And for those who turn away, We have not sent you as a keeper."
1128 He (Noah) said "O my people! think over it! If I act upon a clear direction from my Lord who has bestowed on me from Himself the Merciful talent of seeing the right way, a way which you cannot see for yourself, does it follow that we can force you to take the right path when you definitely decline to take it??
1753-54 And tell my servants that they should speak in a most kindly manner. Verily, Satan is always ready to stir up discord between men; for verily; Satan is mans foe .... Hence, We have not sent you with power to determine their Faith.
8821 22; And so, exhort them your task is only to exhort; you cannot compel them to believe.
But most of all the Koran asks the prophet himself this question
10.99-100. If it had been thy Lord's will, they would all have believed,- all who are on earth! wilt thou then compel mankind, against their will, to believe! No soul can believe, except by the will of God, and He will place doubt (or obscurity) on those who will not understand
Then again the Quran tells us
109.1-6 Say O ye that reject Faith,! I worship not that which ye worship, Nor will ye worship that which I worship, And I will not worship that which ye have been wont to worship, Nor will ye worship that which I worship, To you be your Way, and to me mine
There is nothing even called conquest in the Koran and there is nothing called paying taxes and offensive war and spreading faith by the sword are not Koranic whatsoever and is a direct disobedience to the orders of the Koran. Jizya in the Quran came when the believers were entering Mecca where they were forced into exile and left their homeland losing their livlihoods, homes and businesses. Jizya was never mentioned except upon the pagans of Mecca. Jizya was a war reparation and compensation for damages. The prophet was in Medina where many non believers lived under his domain but was never ordered to seek Jizya. Later Muslim authorities applied Jizya to anyone living under a Muslim ruler who are not Muslims as a form of tax. This is not the context it appears in the Quran.
So the Sunni/Shia concept that peaceful verses were abrogated by later verses that moved from defensive war to offensive has no backing from the Quran. This is because the permission allowed to fight has been outlined in the Quran. Only when provoked and forced should we fight. The prophet was a victim of religious coercion and persecution for religious propagation.
?The contemporary Islamic al-Azhar influential scholar, Muhammad Sa`id Ramadan al-Buti, says in his well-known research ?The verse (95) does not leave any room in the mind to conjecture about what is called defensive war. This verse asserts that holy war which is demanded in Islamic law is not a defensive war, because it could legitimately be an offensive war. That is the apex and most honorable of all Holy wars. Its goal is the exaltation of the word of Allah and the construction of Islamic society and the establishment of Allah?s kingdom on Earth regardless the means. It is legal to carry on an offensive Holy War.? ?
?Al-Suyuti does not see 2256 abrogated by 973, but a case of delaying or postponing the command to fight the infidels until the Muslims become strong. When they were weak, they were commanded to endure and be patient. The first verse that was revealed in the Qur?an about fighting in Medina is Surah 2 verse 190, until Surah 9 was revealed, and it was cancelled by Surah 9 verse 5. ?
So we can see how the Islamic sects abrogated many the defensive war verses claiming verse 9.5 abrogated the defensive war only verses and changed it to offensive war. They believe in this due to the following hadith recorded in Bukhari's and Muslim's collections. Hadiths were compiled two centuries after the Quran was revealed.
Ibn ?Umar related that the Messenger of Allah, upon whom be peace, said, ?I have been ordered to kill the people until they testify that there is no god except Allah, and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, and they establish prayer and pay the zakah. If they do that, their blood and wealth are protected from me save by the rights of Islam. Their reckoning will be with Allah.? (Related by al-Bukhari and Muslim.)?
This hadith violates tens of Quranic commands about freedom and defensive war.
In the Quran we see the concept of religious persecution was a hallmark of pagan societies and oppressive tyrants.
They said "O Shuayb! Much of what thou sayest we do not understand! In fact among us we see that thou hast no strength! Were it not for thy family, we should certainly have stoned thee! For thou hast among us no great position!" 1191
(The father) replied "Dost thou hate my gods, O Abraham? If thou forbear not, I will indeed stone thee now get away from me for a good long while!" .1946
The (people) said "For us, We augur an evil omen from you if ye desist not, we will certainly stone you , or a grievous punishment indeed will be inflicted on you by us." 3618
They said "If thou desist not, O Noah! thou shalt be stoned. 26.116
Pharaoh said, "Did you believe in him without my permission? This must be a conspiracy you schemed in the city, in order to take its people away. You will surely find out. "I will cut your hands and feet on alternate sides, then I will crucify you all." 7.123-124
All of these verses tell us how the prophets were persecuted for their religious propogation. The prophet of the Quran met the same fate. He was ordered to fight back and to complete the message of the Quran. But he was also ordered to limit his duty to preaching. If the people decide on him to judge between them than he is to do with justice.
Quran is peace
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Peace Bigmo.
Welcome back.I agree.I would also like to add the following points
1- If fighting (offencive) is decreed,which army would one join at this age?
2-Hadiths are full of rules and regulations, but what about justice /fairness/forgiveness ...that many verses of Qoran commands us to do. Hadiths are completely silent about them.
3- "Traditional Islam" is not following Qoran. Their claim has no authority, it contradicts Qoran and should be rejected by everyone who believes GOD s words.
4- Man made rules will be shown off by all those who value GOD, study Qoran properly and find out the truth by themselves.
5- This generation and the coming generations should question every information, they have the means to dig deep. The dawn of truth is coming,its light is slowly stripping the darkness of falsehood.
GOD bless you.
Peace. -
I don't think so...
The section from Quran below tells story that Allah ordered an offensive war / invasion via Moses..O my people! Go into the holy land which Allah hath ordained for you. And do not turn back, for surely ye turn back as losers
They said O Moses! Lo! strong people (dwell) therein and lo! we go not in till they go forth from thence. When they go forth from thence, then we will enter (not till then).
Then out spake two of those who feared (their Lord, men) unto whom Allah had been gracious
Enter in upon them by the gate, for if ye enter by it, lo! ye will be victorious!.
So put your trust (in Allah) if ye are indeed believers.
They said O Moses! We will never enter (the land) while they are in it. So go thou and thy Lord and fight! We will sit here.
He said My Lord! I have control of none but myself and my brother, so distinguish between us and the wrong-doing folk. (Their Lord) said For this the land will surely be forbidden them for forty years that they will wander in the earth, bewildered. So grieve not over the wrongdoing folk.(520-26)
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Peace Jafar.
Even if you take it that Allah ordered an offensive war, in that story, Qoran is crystal clear in its instruction "Do not be the aggressor".
I take it as GOD was asking them to go in as "migrants" nowhere did Moses mention any fighting, his words were "enter" not fight!!. It was his. people who were frightened in case there was fighting.
Jafar, you have to show a verse where GOD is asking the new believers to conduct an offensive war in Qoran.
GOD bless you.
Peace. -
Peace Jafar.
Even if you take it that Allah ordered an offensive war, in that story, Qoran is crystal clear in its instruction "Do not be the aggressor".
I take it as GOD was asking them to go in as "migrants" nowhere did Moses mention any fighting, his words were "enter" not fight!!. It was his. people who were frightened in case there was fighting.
Jafar, you have to show a verse where GOD is asking the new believers to conduct an offensive war in Qoran.
GOD bless you.
Peace.Where does it say, "Do not be the aggressor" on that verse?
I've posted the questions many years ago.. and nobody here provide relevant answer or refutation..
Did God Ordered Moses and Israelites To Assault Ingenious People ?
http//free-minds.org/forum/index.php?topic=9598279Let's have discussion on that specific verse there on that thread..
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Peace Jafar.
I have asked you to provide a verse where Qoran orders the believer to wage an offensive war.
Again Qoran was not sent to Moses. You are misquoting Qoran. Moses asked his people to "Enter "-Oudkhoulou in Arabic-not to fight aggressively anyone.
Also ,I said Qoran says " Wala taatadu, Innahu la yuhibbu Al-Mutaadeen- i.e Do not agrress, GOD does not love the Aggressors.
GOD bless you.
Peace. -
Surah At-Taubah, Verse 5
Then, when the sacred months have passed, slay the idolaters wherever ye find them, and take them (captive), and besiege them, and prepare for them each ambush. But if they repent and establish worship and pay the poor-due, then leave their way free. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.
(English - Pickthal)via iQuran
Quite offensive to me, even given the context.
Surah At-Taubah, Verse 29
Fight against such of those who have been given the Scripture as believe not in Allah nor the Last Day, and forbid not that which Allah hath forbidden by His messenger, and follow not the Religion of Truth, until they pay the tribute readily, being brought low.
(English - Pickthal)via iQuran
Fight due to the condition they are disbelievers... No excuse found in surrounding verses.
Surah At-Taubah, Verse 73
O PROPHET! Strive hard against the deniers of the truth and the hypocrites, and be adamant with them. And their goal shall be hell -and how vile a journey's end!
(English - Mohd Asad)via iQuran
Strive hard = Jihad in the sentence
Surah At-Taubah, Verse 123
O ye who believe! fight the unbelievers who gird you about, and let them find firmness in you and know that Allah is with those who fear Him.
(English - Yusuf Ali)via iQuran
Fight disbelievers around you...
Be well
Amenuel -
Peace Man Of Faith.
I expected better from you?
You quoted verses out of context for sure. Would you like me to highlight your failure or would you go back and look again at the verses before and after the ones you mentioned and correct your misunderstanding?
Actually Bigmo quoted the same verses with the context, Read his post!.
GOD bless you.
Peace. -
I did not write any context as it did not matter to show the point which was violent nature. And if you actually read the translation it says "fight against such..." And it says "strive hard against deniers of truth'. Fight the disbelievers who are near you in the final quote.
What is hard for you to see that it is pretty offensive, good logic?
The overall tone of Quran is filled with hatred.
Be well
Amenuel -
Peace Man Of Faith.
If according to you, the overall tone of Qoran is full of hatred,then stay away from it!
Man Of Doubt, your faith has disappeared .
GOD bless you anyway.
Peace. -
Flipping through Chapter 9 last night I felt that the overall message of it is to uphold your promises/agreements/oaths/etc. There is a verse I read that says even the polytheists have a solemn oath with God if they've made a peace treaty with the believers; so they're held to the same standard of oaths as everyone else is.
Good logic - Personally I wouldn't go so far to say that Man of Faith's faith has disappeared... I know he has his own interpretation/translation he's working on - one I'm interested to read in its completion honestly - and even though he doesn't believe in Qur'an as most of us here see it, who knows what may come out of any of us one day. We shouldn't be putting him or anyone down and saying they've lost faith. I may disagree with some of his points here and there, but we all disagree at times and I think he's chosen a good spiritual path.
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Peace Comrox.
Thank you or the advice..MOF is a brother and we occasionally tease each other in good spirit. He knows that I am not serious.
Just thought I will clarify or you. May the Lord forgive me
Sister, I also appreciate your contribution in the threads , I read some interesting views from you.
Thank you and GOD bless you.
Peace. -
I don't think so...
The section from Quran below tells story that Allah ordered an offensive war / invasion via Moses..Peace Jafar,
While I also think that Qur'an talks a bit more than purely defensive war, I don't believe that the verses you have quoted talk about offensive war. Well, they even don't talk about physical war, actually, IMHO.
O my people! Go into the holy land which Allah hath ordained for you. And do not turn back, for surely ye turn back as losers
They said O Moses! Lo! strong people (dwell) therein and lo! we go not in till they go forth from thence. When they go forth from thence, then we will enter (not till then).
Then out spake two of those who feared (their Lord, men) unto whom Allah had been gracious
Enter in upon them by the gate, for if ye enter by it, lo! ye will be victorious!.
So put your trust (in Allah) if ye are indeed believers.
They said O Moses! We will never enter (the land) while they are in it. So go thou and thy Lord and fight! We will sit here.
He said My Lord! I have control of none but myself and my brother, so distinguish between us and the wrong-doing folk. (Their Lord) said For this the land will surely be forbidden them for forty years that they will wander in the earth, bewildered. So grieve not over the wrongdoing folk.(520-26)
If you search in Qur'an for the expression "enter by the gate" related to Moses and Children of Israel, you'll find that
2.58.
2.58. Wa-ith qulna odkhuloo hathihi alqaryata fakuloo minha haythu shi/tum raghadan waodkhuloo albaba sujjadan waqooloo hittatun naghfir lakum khatayakum wasanazeedu almuhsineena
2.58 . And when We said Go into this township and eat freely of that which is therein , and enter the gate "sujjadan", and say "hittatun". We will forgive you your sins and increase ( reward ) for the right-doers .For some reasons too long to explain here, sujjadan does not mean prostrating but listening carefully in intention to obey.
And hittatun does not mean repentance like in most translations, but the action to put something from high place to lower place (see Project Root List). This exactly apply to preaching.Interpretations of 520 to 526 as offensive war often come from the Bible, and especially the Book of Joshua, full of massacres and genocide description. But this is clearly not something advocated in Qur'an.
Nevertheless, threat of war does exist in Qur'an, when we read the story of Solomon and queen of Sheba in surah 27.
2736 So when they came to Solomon he said "Are you providing me with wealth? What God has provided for me is far better than what He has given you. Now you are happy with your gift!"
2737 "Go back to them. For we shall come to them with soldiers the like of which they have never seen, and we will drive them out humiliated, while they are feeble."Looks like the threat is to send armed missionnaries.
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Peace all,
Peace Comrox.
Thank you or the advice..MOF is a brother and we occasionally tease each other in good spirit. He knows that I am not serious.
Just thought I will clarify or you. May the Lord forgive me
Sister, I also appreciate your contribution in the threads , I read some interesting views from you.
Thank you and GOD bless you.
Peace.;D I feel really silly now. Thank you for the much-needed clarification. I will keep it in mind for the future.
On the Qur'an's position of war... Personally, I'm (pretty much) a pacifist. I hate war, I hate violence, I hate destruction, killing, etc...
But... I understand that there are some circumstances where war is necessary.
2216 "Warfare has been decreed for you while you hate it; and perhaps you may hate something while it is good for you, and perhaps you may love something while it is bad for you; and God knows while you do not know."
People don't like war. Most of us, I imagine, would love to not participate in war. We would rather curl up in a corner in the world and ignore everything else that's happening - and everyone else that's suffering. But sometimes we need war to right wrongs (at least as much as we can "right" them through violence) and eliminate evil when it will not stop for anything, and when this evil is threatening all kinds of people, societies, and ways of life around the world.
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I believe that the Quran only authorized war, in defense. I always remember this verse, which reminds us why theese people were fighting in the first place
475 And why do you not fight in the cause of God, when the weak among the men and women and children say "Our Lord, bring us out of this town whose people are wicked, and grant us from Yourself a supporter, and grant us from Yourself a victor!"
Personaly while i prefer peace, the world is corrupt, people are being oppressive and cruel, causing tyranny like raping, killing, etc innocent people, and frankly, i believe such people should be fought and killed, except those who repent and ammend beforehand. I believe this is what the Quran says.
Personaly I would love the opportunity to fight with other believers and end oppression, however i am not in a position to do so, and i fight and strive my own war, albiet not physicaly, against wrongdoing.
I believe the Quran is very clear on war, that it is only permissible in defense, and to protect against tyranny and oppression. I believe the Quran actualy encourages believers to band together, and to make war against such people, and to stand up for justice and truth.
Look at ISIS etc. this is what we should be fighting against. for example the Kurdish Peshmerga, i dont know that much about what exactly their ideology is, but to me it seems they are the some of the few, who are actualy standing up for the people over there. and realy it seems they have played a key roal in actualy getting results against terrorism.
May my lord forgive me, this was an erraneous statement, as i actualy have not, and cannot realisticly verify it for myselfI am interested to hear all of your views,
Peace -
Personaly while i prefer peace, the world is corrupt, people are being oppressive and cruel, causing tyranny like raping, killing, etc innocent people, and frankly, i believe such people should be fought and killed, except those who repent and ammend beforehand. I believe this is what the Quran says.
I believe the Quran is very clear on war, that it is only permissible in defense, and to protect against tyranny and oppression. I believe the Quran actualy encourages believers to band together, and to make war against such people, and to stand up for justice and truth.
I am interested to hear all of your views,
PeacePeace Timotheus,
How do you recognize defense war from offensive war ?
In most of the case, the boundary between both is far from obvious. What looks defense war for one party is offensive war for the other.For those who can read French, here is an interesting link
https//fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principes_%C3%A9l%C3%A9mentaires_de_propagande_de_guerre• We don't want war
• The enemy is the sole responsible for war
• The chief of the enemy looks like the devil
• We defend a noble cause, not particular interests
• The enemy knowingly causes atrocities, and if we make blunders is involuntarily.
• The enemy uses unauthorized weapons.
• We are suffering very few losses, the losses of the enemy are enormous.
• Artists and intellectuals support our cause.
• Our cause is sacred.
• Those who question our propaganda are traitors
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Peace Timotheus,
How do you recognize defense war from offensive war ?
In most of the case, the boundary between both is far from obvious. What looks defense war for one party is offensive war for the other.For those who can read French, here is an interesting link
https//fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principes_%C3%A9l%C3%A9mentaires_de_propagande_de_guerre• We don't want war
• The enemy is the sole responsible for war
• The chief of the enemy looks like the devil
• We defend a noble cause, not particular interests
• The enemy knowingly causes atrocities, and if we make blunders is involuntarily.
• The enemy uses unauthorized weapons.
• We are suffering very few losses, the losses of the enemy are enormous.
• Artists and intellectuals support our cause.
• Our cause is sacred.
• Those who question our propaganda are traitors
Peace,
that is why we have Gods criterion to judge by, and he instructs us to judge by it.
He also informs us that it is clear and fully detailed.
I do my best to judge by what god has revealed, the quran is very clear regarding war, of course people may interpret it certain ways, but i believe if you apply the whole of the quran, the whole criterion, then we are judging by what god has revealed..
'....They have healed the brokenness of My people superficially, Saying, 'Peace, peace,' But there is no peace....'
jeremiah 614thats the thing, the world is not in peace!!
people are killing innocent people, raping, oppressing, and transgressing
should we sit here saying peace to each other, when there are people being oppressed saying 'please'..?
im not proposing going we start shouting and going on a 'holy jihad against all infidels', what i am saying is that we must fight oppression, and tyranny. using Gods criterion, in all ways..
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Peace,
that is why we have Gods criterion to judge by, and he instructs us to judge by it.
He also informs us that it is clear and fully detailed.
I do my best to judge by what god has revealed, the quran is very clear regarding war, of course people may interpret it certain ways, but i believe if you apply the whole of the quran, the whole criterion, then we are judging by what god has revealed..
people are killing innocent people, raping, oppressing, and transgressing
should we sit here saying peace to each other, when there are people being oppressed saying 'please'..?
im not proposing going we start shouting and going on a 'holy jihad against all infidels', what i am saying is that we must fight oppression, and tyranny. using Gods criterion, in all ways..
Peace,
What I wanted to draw attention on is that by twisting the meaning of the words, and with suitable propaganda, any war can be made defensive.
Pretend that the infidels are those who are killing innocent people, raping, oppressing, and transgressing, almost by definition, and you're done you can start a defensive war against them.Understanding of Qur'an itself is not really the issue, correct understanding of the situation is.