study of early Islamic papyri shows variance in salat practice
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https//www.academia.edu/28799801/Debates_on_Prayer_in_Second_Eighth-_century_Islam_Some_Remarks_on_Sijpesteijns_Papyrus
Unfortunately I do not have a link to the original study, just the review of it above.
Nothing we didn't know but just something more to add to the evidence of variance in Traditional practices.
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Salam and Peace,
I read first page of the article, actually the papyrus is a Hadith like document and Ms Petra Sijpesteijn make a quick conclusion, not totally wrong but certainly same kind of conclusion you can do when reading hadith.
The hadith goes like this
Umar having led the congregation in the evening (Maghrib) prayer is challenged with "You did not recite" - presumably meaning that he did not recite the Quran.
Umar responds by asking whether the bowing (ruku' and prostration (sujud) in the prayer were completed satisfactorily and upon receiving an affirmative answer, concludes "Then there is no problem" (fa-la ba's idha).Sijpesteijn interpretes this exchange as evidence of fundamental uncertainty about the basic constituents of prayer. She does not explicitly identify the object of the uncertainty but seems to mean that it was not clear if whether Quranic recitation was required as part of the prayer.
My 2 cents
If hadith is true
Who can publicaly question the leader Khalif Umar in the middle of the congregation prayer about his salat practice?
Remember he is supposed to be one of the prophete companion, and some anonymous guy just shout "Hey you did not recite..." whatever!!!Anyway , this Hadith will be just classified as weak ) or not certified Bukhari or Muslim
peace
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Thanks for the link. I do feel a large part of the early Islam is not being revealed to the world. Censorship is very much part of the Middle East. I mean we still have torn history book from Dubai. Our head came to class and told us to tear up the chapters focused on UAE under British rule. I still remember there were some pictures showing hungry injured Arab kids in them. For my sister's class, the same rule was applied.
Anyways, so far what I have realized is that the character of Umar has been heavily tainted by the early sunnis to push their own cruel hadiths on the average Muslims. They used his name for it. Surprisingly, this is admitted even by the jewish sources focused on early Islam and by looking at what he left behind, we can come to same conclusion. But even from the garbage of the Muslim scholars followed by the accounts of the nonmuslim sources, I was able to retrieve the fact that Umar's mentality was no different from the Muslims of this forum. All the great things we get from the western government come directly from his inventions
Zakah as tax to fund welfare programs for people of all religions..hence, the Islamic empire was tagged as empire of wellfare
Social security for the senior citizens
Unemployment benefits
Teachers' pay
Cops
FEMA like emergency service stockpiling foods
Poverty line
Public census
Pension for war veterans and widows with orphans
Financial support and caregivers for the disabledUmar was also big on freedom of all religions and the fact that no one in the government should show pride. He was loved by the nonmuslims.
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...but seems to mean that it was not clear if whether Quranic recitation was required as part of the prayer.
http//m.qtafsir.com/Surah-Al-Isra/The-Command-to-recite-neither----
Read this recently Ibn Kathir's tafsir of 17110Summary identifies salat with preaching and reciting Quran.
Background
https//mypercept.co.uk/articles/slw.htm
https//mypercept.co.uk/articles/disproved_traditional_salat.htm
https//mypercept.co.uk/articles/quran_on_salat.htm
https//mypercept.co.uk/articles/salat-timings-Quran.html
