Peace to all
Thank u Wakas for opening this topic,
When I started reading Quran with free-minds translation I never felt the meaning of the 2238 verse has got any thing to do with routine or obligatory salat which one should perform after having ablution at prescribed times. In an earlier discussion one year ago a brother who started reading Quran for the first time brought up the following meaning of those disputed verse. Perhaps he was not yet moulded with the pre-assumptions to match the meanings of the verses with those similar to the traditional beliefs.
Later I used to follow that method of deriving the meaning of Quran without any pre-assumptions even though it was difficult for me to come out of the mould created by the sediments of traditions practised for almost 30 years.
If you examine these verses from 2221 to 240 all the verses are about marriage, relation ships in the marriage and then divorce/death and again remarriage outlined in a particular sequence.
In 2221 we get an idea about whom we generally should marry then goes to the subject of sexual relation ship ie sexual relationship to be avoided during menstruation 2222and says we can approach them once they are clean as how God taught us. The approach or relation ship towards the woman is given by an example 2223? as an approach similar to a cultivation and towards goodness. Then slowly go to the topic of disputes in the relation ship- 2224/225 says not to be strict on casual oaths in which couple often interchange words. Then comes to the point of serious oaths of divorce 2226. bythe following verse Allah gives the guide line for ending the relation ships in different circumstances , First divorce which u can remarry and the duration abstaining from them and then second divorce again in which you can remarry- gives guidelines to settle the dowry. Then gives the laws of third divorce- at this point one can remarry only after she is married to a third party and after getting divorced. Next verse gives the guideline how to treat them after the divorce that they should not be prevented from remarrying. Then goes to the topic of the children they give birth in terms of suckling and the responsibilities of husband and wife.
Then it deals with the topic of women in 2234 where they loose their husband by death and in 2235 it teaches how to propose to those widows and getting married to them.
Then again comes to the topic of special divorce where women get divorced before the sexual relation ship. 2236-237
This is a very special circumstance where a woman get married and getting divorced before/after fixing the dowry but before any sexual contacts. This is not a normal thing to happen but again Quran is fully detailed and nothing is missed out.
Let us try to examine the next verses.
2238 Maintain the bonds; and a balanced bond; and stand for God dutifully
2239 But if you are in a state of fear, then you may do so while walking or riding. If you become secure, then remember God as He has taught you what you did not know.
And then next verse 2240 And for those of you whose lives are terminated and they leave widows behind; a testimony to them that they may enjoy for one year without being made to vacate. If they leave then there is no sin upon you for what they do to themselves in goodness; and God is Noble, Wise.
If the sequence of narration is about marriage, relation ship, divorce ,death and then special divorce then 2238 and 239 also should talk about the same subject and not about daily routine or obligatory salat which one should perform after having ablution at prescribed times, since 2240 is again dealing with topic of the woman whose husband lives are terminated.
Now when we look at this peculiar situation of some body getting married as in verse 2236-237 and he gets a call for war. There is no guarantee he will comeback alive. So whoever in the situation of fear of death or war can divorce their women if he has not entered into a sexual relation ship with his wife and there is no sin on him.
On this context if we read the verse 2238 Maintain the bonds; and a balanced bond; and stand for God dutifully (? do not use the meaning? prayer? or ?blessings ? for salat) . This bond is talking about the bond between the woman who got divorced and her husband who divorced her beacuse of his life is in fear . This bond should be a moderate/balanced (al wusta) one and be dutiful to God ( ie fear God) that means not to exceed the limits or boundaries - do not get into deep relationship or not to hurt them by taking back all the dowries.
Once the fear is over
2239 But if you are in a state of fear, then you may do so while walking or riding.(they can do the bonding) If you become secure, then remember God as He has taught you what you did not know.
That means once fear of death is over he can always comeback to her as how God has taught us in the previous verse, ie the remarriage. If he dies woman is allowed to remarry without the prescribed period of 4 months and 10 days.
Next verse 2240 further details about a woman who did not get divorced and looses her husband while in fear.
2241 says about how to treat a divorced woman.
So think about the circumstance somebody gets married and before having a sexual relationship he has to go for a war and he dies. What happens to the woman if she was not divorced before the war she has to wait for 4 months and 10 days before she can remarry.
This is a very important topic where Allah has set out the guide lines so that these women do not suffer. These circumstances might have been common in those times when they had frequent wars.
I don?t think Almighty suddenly brought the subject of routine salat in between the subject of marriage, relation ship , divorce/ death and remarriage. Here when we use word ?bonding? instead of ?prayers? or ?blessing? for salat ( which also suits in other contexts where it is used in Quran) the verse talks about the bonding between a couple who gets divorced before having a sexual relationship.
So the question of third timing of routine salat does not exist.
abdu