My personal view* on this
*(Before reading, keep in mind that the interpretation below is my own understanding of the verses and that I could have made multiple mistakes in linguistics, context, translation, deduction, etc.)
The verses 415-16 are talking about a single crime/'lewd act' that multiple people are involved in, these two verses are to be linked together so they can be properly understood.
415 "And those of your women who commit lewdness, you shall bring four witnesses over them from among you; if they bear witness, then you shall restrict them in the homes until death terminates their lives, or God makes for them a way/path."
416 "And the two who "yaatiyaanihaa" from among you, you shall trouble them. If they repent and reform, then leave them alone. God is Redeemer, Merciful."
The word "yaatiyaanihaa" (root lif-t-y̛ could either be referring to the lewdness, which would make the lenient punishment for the males extremely unfair, or it could be referring to the females, as in the males "approaching the female sexually", the word has been used to refer to sexual acts/approach multiple times in the quran. (2222-223)(781)(26165)(2755)
Therefore, it is not wrong to translate verses 415-16 in the following way
415 "And those of your women who commit lewdness, you shall bring four witnesses over them from among you; if they bear witness, then you shall restrict them in the homes until death terminates their lives, or God makes for them a way/path."
416 "And the two who are approaching her (i.e. having sex with her) from among you, you shall trouble them. If they repent and reform, then leave them alone. God is Redeemer, Merciful."
A few things to note
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The verses are referring to married females because verse 415 says "nisaaa'ikum"/"your women" and only three verses prior to that(412) god was talking about 'wives'/'spouses', the males on the other hand aren't married because the verse 416 only says "two men from among you", the female being married is the reason why the punishment is more lenient for the males as the female in question is also guilty of adultery.
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The requirement of four witnesses to the act from amongst the people highly implies that the act was public.
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When verse 415 says "or God makes for them a way/path", I believe that it is safe to deduce that the way out/path that god makes for them is through his guidance which would lead to their repentance and reform, therefore if the female repents and reforms she should be freed from her imprisonment, verse 416 further confirms this when it says that the way/path out of the punishment for the males is to repent and reform --> "If they repent and reform, then leave them alone. God is Redeemer, Merciful.", if that is the way/path out of the punishment that god prescribed for the males then the way/path out of the punishment for the females is the same unless stated otherwise. Disagree with this deduction? If so then what else could "god makes for them a 'way/path'" mean? an unlocked window? an unlocked door? a hole in the ground/roof/walls? sleeping prison guards? The way/path of guidance is the only "way/path" that makes sense as it ultimately leads to repentance and reform, god also mentions in multiple parts of the quran that whomever truly repents and reforms should be forgiven from the crime they committed. )
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The mention of more than one man in verse 416 --->"allathani"/"the two(males)" implies that it was an act of...ahem...umm...group copulation
In conclusion
The verses 415-16 are to be linked as they are both talking about a single crime/'act of lewdness' and prescribing punishments for those who are involved.
415-16 "And those of your women who commit lewdness, you shall bring four witnesses over them from among you; if they bear witness, then you shall restrict them in the homes until death terminates their lives, or God makes for them a way/path(through repentance and reform). And the two who are approaching her (i.e. having sex with her) from among you, you shall trouble them. If they repent and reform, then leave them alone. God is Redeemer, Merciful."
The crime/lewdness A married female engaging in public sexual relations with multiple males.
The punishment(female) Imprisonment for life or until god makes a path for her(path of guidance ---> repentance and reform).
The punishment(males) To be troubled until they repent and reform.
Reason for differing punishments The female is married therefore she is also guilty of adultery, the males are not.
Once again, this is my own personal view, it could include many errors.
God knows best,
Peace!