Inheritance according to Qur?an

Mazhar

412 ... and if kna/be rajulun/man yrathu/leaves heir kalalatan or im'ra-atun/woman

If deceased man left as heir kalala (fatherless son/s)

or

If deceased man left as heir a woman (i.e. wife)

Both the red nouns are the subject noun for deficient verb by conjunction through "aau". Either man or a woman can be

A man can die in the state that he was all by himself ; and so can a woman die in such state.

Noon_waalqalami

Both the red nouns are the subject noun for deficient verb by conjunction through "aau". Either man or a woman can be

A man can die in the state that he was all by himself ; and so can a woman die in such state.

Peace -- yes most definitely without a spouse and much confusion on exact meaning...

The Qur'anic Term Kalala
Studies in Arabic Language and Poetry, Hadit, Tafsir, and Fiqh Notes on the Origins of Islamic Law
Edition 1
Author Agostino Cilardo

http//ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/51N%2BX6tg1uL.jpg

http//www.amazon.com/The-Quranic-Term-Kalala-Monograph/dp/074861916X

David S. Powers ?BNF 328a and the Mystery of al-Kalala?
http//rorotoko.com/interview/20090904_powers_david_muhammad_not_father_any_your_men_making_last_prophet/?page=2

http//corpus.quran.com/wordmorphology.jsp?location=(41254)
http//corpus.quran.com/wordmorphology.jsp?location=(41766)

The best approach is to take the non-contradicting meaning to extrapolate definition...

motherless contradicts!
411 ... so if be for said person ikh'watun/brother so to mother said person the sixth

childless contradicts!
4176 ... and he inheritor hers if not that be for her waladun/offspring (child)
1/4 (412) wife + 1/6 (412) sister = 5/12!
1/4 (412) wife + 1/2 (4176) sister = 3/4!

fatherless contradicts! (see above)

fatherless & no son contradicts! (see above)
1/4 (412) wife + 2/3 (411) daughters + 1/3 (412) siblings + 1/2 (4176) sister = 1 3/4 + 0 to mother!

fatherless & no daughter contradicts! (see above)
1/6 (411) mother + 1/8 (412) wife + 1/3 (412) siblings + 1/2 (4176) sister = 1 1/8 + 0 to son!

fatherless & childless contradicts! (see above)
1/6 mother 1/6 (412) brother + 1/2 (4176) sister = 5/6!
1/6 (411) mother + 1/6 sister + 1/6 brother = 1/2!

no spouse alone contradicts!
1/3 (411) parents + 1/3 (412) siblings + 1/2 (4176) sister = 1 + 0 to children!
2/3 (411) daughters + 1/2 (4176) sister = 1 1/3 + 0 to parents!

no spouse & no son contradicts! (see above)

no spouse & childless contradicts!
4176 ... and he inheritor hers if not that be for her waladun/offspring (child)
1/6 mother + 1/6 (412) brother + 1/2 (4176) sister = 5/6!

fatherless & no spouse contradicts!
1/6 mother (411 if brother) + 2/3 (411) daughters + 1/3 (412) siblings = 1 1/6!
1/2 (411) daughter + 1/6 (412) sister = 2/3!

If using Algebra or al-Awl as some suggest to reduce/increase amounts evenly would make all the above definitions valid!

Hence below is the only two attribute definition which does not contradict!
IF kalala no spouse & no daughter/s! (412 if son else use 4176 no child)
1/6 mother + 1/3 father + 1/2 (4176) sister/s = 1
1/6 father + 1/6 (412) brother + 2/3 son = 1
4176 (father + siblings mixed 21 ratio) = 1

411
instructs you the god in awldikum/offspring yours lildhakari/to the male similitude apportion al-unthayayni/the two (feminine)

so if kunna/be (f/p) nisan/womenfolk fawqa/above two (f/d) so for them (f/p i.e. 3+) third dual (1/3 x 2 = 2/3) what left

and if knat/be she (f/s) widatan/one (f/s) so for her al-ni'fu/the half

wali-abawayhi/and to parents dual said person to each one from them dual the sixth from what left if kna/be (m/s) for said person waladun/offspring (son) so if not yakun that be for said person waladun/offspring (child) wawarithahu/and bestows to inherit said person parents dual said person so to mother said person the third so if kna/be (s/m) for said person ikh'watun/brother so to mother said person the sixth from after will instructs in it or judgment

fathers yours and sons yours not thou knowing which of them closer to you benefit of obligation from the god surely the god be knowledgeable wisdom of

412
and for you half what left azwjukum/spouses yours if not yakun that be for them waladun/offspring (child) so if kna/be (m/s) for them waladun/offspring (son) so for you the fourth from what left they from after will made they in it or judgment

and for them the fourth from what left you if not yakun that be for you waladun/offspring (child) so if kna/be (s/m) for you waladun/offspring (son) so to them the eight from what left you from after will thou making in it or judgment

and if kna/be (m/s) rajulun/man yrathu/he bestows to inherit kalalatan (spouse-less without daughter) or im'ra-atun/woman and to said person brother or sister so to each one from them dual the sixth so if kn/be they of (2+) more from such so they partners in the third from after will instructs in it or judgment other than harmful will from the god and the god knower tolerant

4176
they seek ruling your say the god gives ruling you in al-kalalati (the spouseless without daughter) if im'ru-on/person perished not for him waladun/offspring (child) and for him sister so for her half what left and he yarithuh/he inheritor hers if not yakun that be for her waladun/offspring (child)

so if knat/be dual ith'natayni/two (i.e. daughters) so to them dual (f/d) the third each (1/3 + 1/3 = 2/3) from what left

and if kn /be they of (2+) ikh'watan/siblings rijlan/menfolk of wanisan/and womenfolk falildhakari/so to the male similitude apportion al-unthayayni/the two (feminine)

shows the god for you lest/that stray ye of and the god in every thing knower

http//oi60.tinypic.com/4g2lbb.jpg

Mazhar

A bachelor died at age 40 leaving behind father, sister and adopted son. What will be the distribution according to Grand Qur'aan. The man left a will that all his inheritance goes to his adopted son.

good_logic

Peace Mazhar.

Then the "will" is the outcome.
Qoran encourages a person to make a will. The rules are there in case one does not leave a will.

A believer will be fair to all his/her next of kin when making a wiil- i.e take the Qoran s advice-.

GOD bless you.
Peace.

Mazhar

And if he died suddenly without leaving a Will, then what will be the distribution formula.

Noon_waalqalami

A bachelor died at age 40 leaving behind father, sister and adopted son. What will be the distribution according to Grand Qur'aan. The man left a will that all his inheritance goes to his adopted son.

Salaam Mazhar, there is no concept of an adopted son in Qur'an...

335 and call ye them to fathers theirs it more just near the god so if not know ye of fathers theirs so brethren yours in the practice and friends yours and not on you blame in what erred you in it and however what intended hearts yours and be the god forgiver of merciful

None the less a will and last testament always prevails and " from" mathematically denotes subtraction
1 - 100% adopted son = 0 (father & sister)

411 ... and to parents dual said person... from after will instructs in it or judgment...

Likewise provision is made for spouses or recently divorced with remaining proceeds distributed accordingly...

2240 and the ones are dying from among you and leaving spouses of will for spouses theirs provision of to the around/year cycle other than driving out so if leave they so not blame on you in what do they in/concerning soul theirs/themselves from right and the god mighty wise

2241 and for the divorced (f/p) provision in the right truthful on the righteous

However leaving 100% neglecting the near relatives for whatever reason is not recommended...

2180 written/prescribed on you when comes any of you the death if left best of the will to the parents dual and the near relatives in the right truthful on the righteous

411.. fathers yours and sons/children yours not thou knowing which of them closer to you benefit of obligation from the god surely the god be knowledgeable wisdom of

And if he died suddenly without leaving a Will, then what will be the distribution formula.

1 - 1/2 sister = 1/2 father (see above chart leaves nothing for adopted son or anyone)

4176 they seek ruling your say the god gives ruling you in al-kalalati/the spouseless without daughter if person perished not for said person waladun/offspring (child) and for said person sister so for her half what left and he inheritor hers if not yakun/that be for her waladun/offspring (child)...

Examples

1 - 1/3 mother = 2/3 father
1 - 1/6 mother = 2/3 (1/3 father + 1/3 brother)

411 ... so if not yakun/that be for said person waladun/offspring (child) and bestows to inherit said person parents dual said person so to mother said person the third so if be for said person ikh'watun/brother so to mother said person the sixth from after will instructs in it or judgment ...

Mazhar

Salaam Mazhar, there is no concept of an adopted son in Qur'an...

335 and call ye them to fathers theirs it more just near the god so if not know ye of fathers theirs so brethren yours in the practice

Salamun alaika

Yes I know adopted son is not son he is brother in Deen islam but is also amongst beneficiaries
http//www.haqeeqat.org.pk/English%20Tafsir%20e%20Haqeeqat/00.Arabic%20Text/004.%20An%20Nisa/temp%2014%20%204.033c.gif
http//www.haqeeqat.org.pk/English%20Tafsir%20e%20Haqeeqat/00.Arabic%20Text/004.%20An%20Nisa/temp%2014%20%204.033d.gif
Would you not like to give those mentioned here some share as is directed by Allah to give them?

Mazhar

so if kunna/be (f/p) nisan/womenfolk fawqa/above two (f/d) so for them (f/p i.e. 3+) third dual (1/3 x 2 = 2/3) what left

Above two means three, four or more.

Itself means three women or more than three women.

"Over two" is thus redundant according to this translation.

Noon_waalqalami

Salamun alaika

Yes I know adopted son is not son he is brother in Deen islam but is also amongst beneficiaries
http//www.haqeeqat.org.pk/English%20Tafsir%20e%20Haqeeqat/00.Arabic%20Text/004.%20An%20Nisa/temp%2014%20%204.033c.gif
http//www.haqeeqat.org.pk/English%20Tafsir%20e%20Haqeeqat/00.Arabic%20Text/004.%20An%20Nisa/temp%2014%20%204.033d.gif
Would you not like to give those mentioned here some share as is directed by Allah to give them?

Peace Mazhar, exactly where does it say adopted are direct heirs?

432 and not covet ye of what favor the god with it some you over others to the menfolk share from what earned they of and to the womenfolk share from what earned they and ask ye of the god from bounty his surely the god be in every thing knowledgeable 433 and to each made we heirs from what left the parents and the close relatives and the ones pledged right hands/oaths yours so give ye them share theirs surely the god be on each thing witness of

Likewise "brethren" includes everyone even those at war and repent which one is free to give after they inherit...

911 so if repented they of and guard they of the prayer and give they of the recompense alms so brethren yours in the practice and we explain the signs to people are knowing

Above two means three, four or more.

Itself means three women or more than three women.

"Over two" is thus redundant according to this translation.

Yes above two (> 2) means three or more (3+) and it cannot ever mean exactly two.

Exactly two is written thus...

4176 .... so if knat/be dual ith'natayni/two so to them dual the third each (1/3 + 1/3 = 2/3) from what left

Mazhar

Hence below is the only two attribute definition which does not contradict!
IF kalala no spouse & no daughter/s! (412 if son else use 4176 no child)
1/6 mother + 1/3 father + 1/2 (4176) sister/s = 1

This also contradicts
In 4176 if two sisters the portion is two third.

Mazhar

Yes above two (> 2) means three or more (3+) and it cannot ever mean exactly two.

Exactly two is written thus...

4176 .... so if knat/be dual ith'natayni/two so to them dual the third each (1/3 + 1/3 = 2/3) from what left

But what does "over two" means and what is the need to write two unnecessary words when the word Nisa itself means three or more women?

Noon_waalqalami

This also contradicts
In 4176 if two sisters the portion is two third.

Not two sisters -- read without verse numbers getting in the way.

If 3+ daughters
411 ... so if kunna/be (f/p) nisan/womenfolk fawqa/above ith'natayni/two (f) so for them (f/p) third dual (1/3 x 2 = 2/3) what left

If exactly 2 daughters
4176 ... if not yakun that be for her waladun/offspring (child) so if knat/be dual ith'natayni/two (i.e. daughters) so to them dual (f/d) the third each (1/3 + 1/3 = 2/3)

If exactly 1 daughter
411 and if knat/be she (f/s) widatan/one (f/s) so for her the half

But what does "over two" means and what is the need to write two unnecessary words when the word Nisa itself means three or more women?

It clarifies depends on context which nisa can pertain to 1+ as example any combination 1+ males and 1+ females...

361 so from argues you in it from after what came you from the knowledge so say come let sons ours and sons yours and womenfolk ours and womenfolk yours ...

4176 ... and if kn /be they of (2+) ikh'watan/siblings rijlan/menfolk of wanisan/and womenfolk so to the male similitude apportion al-unthayayni/the two (feminine) shows the god for you lest stray ye of and the god in every thing knower

Samira1234

If you guys may excuse me for it, I find these inheritance laws pretty much nonsensical. Trying to stuff in mathematical ratios as best as possible within the weird fractions, and extremely unjust at times, having a degree of sexism and not much regard for how things work in reality. One thing I appreciate is the laws giving some priority to parents.

Frankly overall I would expect a God to come up with better than this. An educated adult who have good knowledge of the real world would come up with better laws than these type of laws in the Quran.

Mazhar

If exactly 2 daughters
4176 ... if not yakun that be for her waladun/offspring (child) so if knat/be dual ith'natayni/two (i.e. daughters) so to them dual (f/d) the third each (1/3 + 1/3 = 2/3)

Dear, recheck
There is no mention of daughter in 4176. It is about a sister, two sisters, siblings comprising men and women.

Noon_waalqalami

If you guys may excuse me for it, I find these inheritance laws pretty much nonsensical.

Peace -- you are excused. What is nonsensical are god was born absurdities by missionary trolls.

Dear, recheck
There is no mention of daughter in 4176. It is about a sister, two sisters, siblings comprising men and women.

Dear, is not child mentioned twice in the verse?

4176 ... and he inheritor hers if not that be for her waladun/offspring (child) so if knat/be dual ith'natayni/two (i.e. daughters) so to them dual (f/d) the third each (1/3 + 1/3 = 2/3) from what left

Likewise if two sisters explain how to distribute exactly two daughters (where are instructions?) and 3+ sisters no child?

411
so if kunna/be (f/p) nisan/womenfolk fawqa/above ith'natayni/two so for them (f/p) third dual (1/3*2=2/3) what left

and if knat/be she (f/s) widatan/one (f/s) so for her the half

Lane, An Arabic English Lexicon
? thus one says, (Mgh, Msb) i. e. Ten is above nine; meaning ten exceeds nine
... also, in the Kur iii. 12], (Mgh, Msb) exceeding two

Samira1234

@Noon waalqalami

Peace -- you are excused. What is nonsensical are god was born absurdities by missionary trolls.

Um, what do you mean? You think I am a Christian? I am a woman born in a quite devout Sunni Muslim family. I gave my O Level London Board exam in Islamic Studies too. Just because my opinions may coincide with Christian ones, you would say I am a Christian? Oh man.

This seems to be quite common. A person who criticizes Islam may immediately be labeled as a Christian in disguise, or a person working for the Jews, or never tasted the sweetness of faith in their hearts while being a Muslim, or being grappled by Shaytan. In my case all of these are false. I am simply a truth seeker. And I try to give my honest opinions in several matters. I am sorry if I hurt anyone's feelings.

Noon, I know you spend a lot of time trying to figure out these quranic ayahs letter by letter. I do not criticize your work. I appreciate your will and your intellect. I criticize the writer behind these verses, who would give instructions which make no sense in a civilized progressive world which acknowledges human rights, and is sexist and unrealistic in the share-giving. Surely a just, compassionate and merciful God would have had come up with better than this? Instead of creating such laws and carving them in stone for eternity?

Which is what questions me on the whole scripture on it's authenticity on it's divinity. Or at least whether the Arabic language was ever properly interpreted as was supposed to be. The Old Testament faced distortions on God's word, on being misinterpreted, I am suspecting the Quran may have gone through similar phase as well, however disappointing that may sound to us Muslims.

Peace.

Noon_waalqalami

Noon, I know you spend a lot of time trying to figure out these quranic ayahs letter by letter. I do not criticize your work. I appreciate your will and your intellect. I criticize the writer behind these verses, who would give instructions which make no sense in a civilized progressive world which acknowledges human rights, and is sexist and unrealistic in the share-giving. Surely a just, compassionate and merciful God would have had come up with better than this? Instead of creating such laws and carving them in stone for eternity?

Peace Samira1234 -- which are sexist and unrealistic "from after a will one dictates believes is fair" or if one neglects duty to write a will?