Questions about al-amiyr
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Post 1
Do not forget to read the introduction by clicking here
http//free-minds.org/forum/index.php?topic=9604853.msg317847#msg317847
or go to ? Reply #29 on January 02, 2013, 092804 AM ?//llllllllllll/_/
IntroductionQuestions about al-amiyr
Thread originator = "justmuslim"
respondent al-amiyr"I am opening up this thread as I am sure others especially the lurkers might have the same questions about al-amiyr"
-"I have lot of questions ..."
-"I am asking simple straight forward questions..."
-"You don't have to answer all at once."
-"If you don't answer, I would like to know why?"If you read the subject of this thread and my introduction then you will understand what this is all about. As I have said before, I will answer all the questions in due time inshaa allaah. I have to do this as a matter of urgency because these questions seem to arise every time in one way or another in different guises. This is only for those who are interested to know and not for those who are not concerned. Questions addressed to me that I must answer or else I must explain why I do not answer.
I ended off the initial introductory post with a clip of a Turkish Government Sponsored Documentary about my great grandfather which is titled in Turkish as
A Man Who Changed The Destiny Of A Nation
Here is the clip from Youtube again.http//www.youtube.com/watch?v=2IziN0pbWDY
My great grand father was;
As-sayyid al-bahr-ul-muhaqqaq al-hibr-ul-mudaqqaq shaykh-ul-"ilm shaykh-ul-islaam muftiy al-'arba"-ul-'a'immah (al-amiyr) abdullaah abuw bakr - effendi al-khushnaawiy al-Haashimiy al-Qurashiy Al-Amjadiy.
( 1229 - 1297) / ( 1814 - 1880 )
ibn (son of)
As-sayyid aS-Salabiyy (al-amiyr) mullaa "umar - effendi al-khushnaawiy al-Haashimiy al-Qurashiy Al-Amjadiy.
(c.1192 - 1247 ) / ( c.1778 - 1831 )He is better known by his shorter name and title Shaykh Abu bakr Effendi
95% and more of what I am going to present here about my ancestral history would have come from what other historians have written on the matter. I will give all the references and it could all be verified on the internet inshaa allaah. You will be surprised to find that almost the whole history of Islaam is link to our family in one way or the other. Even you are not excepted from this. Whether it is liked, dismissed or not.
I will start by my great grandfather Shaykh Abu bakr Effendi.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Abu Bakr Effendi
Sheikh Abu Bakr Effendi (1835?1880)( correction 1814 and not 1835) was a Osmanli qadi who was sent in 1862 by the Ottoman sultan Abd?lmecid I at the request of the British Queen Victoria to the Cape of Good Hope, in order to teach and assist the Muslim community of the Cape Malays.
Effendi was from the aristocratic Quraishi family from Mecca. He is a Sayyid, direct descendant of the Prophet Muhammad through Emir Zaid, son of Imam Zayn al-Abidin.
Abu Bakr was born in ancient province Shehrizur in Kurdistan. His father Molla Omar Al-Baghdadi an Ottoman Governor, was killed in a bedouin raid. He is known to have studied in the Madrassa originally set up by his ancestor Emir Suleyman for the people of the area. Further studies and teachings were in Erzurum, Istanbul, and Makkah.
Many mistake Sayyid Abu Bakr for being a Kurdish due to his place of birth. But his family was more cosmopolitan than that. One cannot belong to the Quraysh Tribe and a Sayyid while also be a Kurd. Abu Bakr is a descendant of the Imam Zain-ul-Abidin, making him of Arab and Quraysh heritage. It is known the descendants and followers of Imam Zain-ul-Abidin migrated to Yemen and northern Iran after the persecution of the Imam and his son Emir Zaid, better known as Zaid ibn Ali.
The above are extracts from the Wikipedia Article which also contains a few errors. But nevertheless it provides us with the required information to take us to the next step.
"Effendi was from the aristocratic Quraishi family from Mecca. He is a Sayyid, direct descendant of the Prophet Muhammad through Emir Zaid, son of Imam Zayn al-Abidin".Who was Emir Zaid, son of Imam Zayn al-Abidin".
Before presenting a Wikipedia Article let us first put the matter into perspective.The Messenger of ALLAAH (S+) had a beloved cousin named Ali whom he raised as a son. Ali was about ten years when the prophet (S+) received the Divine Revelation. Ali married the prophet's daughter FaaTimah and they had two sons named Hasan and Husayn.
After the prophet's (S+) death Abu bakr (R+) became the Khaliyfah of the Muslims. After he died "Umar became the khaliyfah and then after he was killed "Uthmaan became the Khaliyfah. After "Uthmaan was killed Ali (or"Aliy) became the Khaliyfah of the Muslims.
When Ali became the Khaliyfah many of those who were enemies of the prophet(S+) came back to the fore to oppose Ali. They stood behind Mu'aawiyah the governor of Syria. Mu'aawiyah was the son of Abu Sufyaan, who was in his day the greatest enemy of Islaam and the prophet(S+). Terrible war broke out between the opposing forces and great bloodshed took place among the waring parties.Ali was eventually killed in Iraq where he moved his capital. After him his son Hasan took up the title but for the sake of unity of Muslims stood down and made an agreement with Mu'aawiyah that after his death, his brother Husayn shall succeed to the leadership of the Muslims. At this stage the whole world of Islaam was then in and under the control of the enemies of the Haashimiyyah branch of the Quraysh tribe.
After the death of Mu'aawiyah, his son Yazid took over the leadership of the Muslim world. Though it was called the world of Islaam, it was surely a world that was ruled over by the enemies of his own family - history has surely taken a 360 degree turn.You all probably know about the events of Karbala that followed and how the entire family of the prophet (S+) was killed and their heads cut off and paraded on spears through the cities. That is the story of Husayn. However, young and sickly Ali ibn Husayn ( who became known as Zayn al Abidin ) survived the great tragedy of Karbala and lived in the city of Madina most of his life, where he taught many in secret.
At this stage the Muslims became terribly divided into many groups. The Sunnis and the Shiites emerged out of all these events and conflicts and took their own turn in describing all the historical events occurrences. Both the Sunnis and the Shiites held the main branch of the prophet's (S+) family in high regard. The Sunnis considering them as great Sunni scholars and the Shiites considering them as divinely appointed Imaams.
1- Ali ibn Abi Taalib
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2- Hasan ibn Ali - - - - - - - 3- Husayn ibn Ali
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4- Ali ibn Husayn (Zayn al Abidin)
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Muhammad al-Baqir - - - - - -- - -- - - - - Zayd al-Shahiyd
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Jafar al-Sadiq Yahya ibn Zayd - - - - - - - - - - Isa ibn Zayd
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Musa al Kadhim Ahmad ibn Isa
l- 5 generations and the line disappeared l l
- 36 generations
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Shaykh Abu Bakr Effendi
l - 2 generations
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al-amiyr
During his life time Imaam Ali ibn Husayn (Zayn al-Abidin) wrote many beautiful supplications Sahifa Kamila ( called The Psalms of Islaam). After his death his son Amir (Amiyr) Emir) Zayd was the first narrator of it. After the death of Imaam Ali ibn Husayn (Zayn al-Abidin) the leadership of the family went to his eldest son Muhammad al-Baqir. After that Amiyr Zayd took up again the leadership of the Muslim World to overthrow the false government. Here is an article from Wikipedia which is biased in favor of Twelver Shiism.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Zayd ibn Ali
Zayd ibn ?Al (Arabic , also spelled Zaid; 695-740) was the grandson of Husayn ibn Al, the grandson of Muhammad. Zayd was born in Medina in 695. He is the son of Imam ?Al ibn Husayn "Zayn al-Abidn". Zayd?s mother of Sindhi origin named Jayd is said to have been presented to his father by al-Mukhtr, a rebel leader against the Ummayad Caliphate.
Hadith Prophesising his Birth
The prophet once looked at Zayd ibn Harithah, cried, and said "The martyr in the sake of Allah, The crucified of my people, The oppressed from my progeny, his name is thus." Then the prophet pointed at Zayd ibn Harithah and said "Come closer to me, your name became more dear to me because it is the same as my dear child (Zaid.)"
Imam Muhammad al-Baqir narrated "The Holy Prophet put his sacred hand on Husayn bin Ali's back and said 'O Husayn, it will not be long until a man will be born among your descendants. He will be called Zaid; he will be killed as a martyr. On the day of resurrection, he and his companions will enter heaven, setting their feet on the necks of the people.'"
His Imamate
The Zaidis claim that Zaid was the rightful successor to his father, rather than his half-brother Muhammad al-Baqir.
? The death of Imam Ali Zayn ul Abidin triggered the struggle for leadership between his two sons, Muhammad al Baqir and Zayd...Zayd rejected the principle of hereditary succession to the imamat, and asserted his own right to it on the ground that he was better qualified for it, because he fulfilled all the necessary conditions for this purpose including the one that the Imam must rise in revolt against the unjust, oppressive rulers. ?
?Abdul Ali in Islamic dynasties of the Arab East state and civilization during the later medieval times
Zayd rebelled against the Umayyad Caliph he felt was unjust. It is here where many parallels with the life of his more famous grandfather, Husayn, begin. Imam Zayd, following the foot steps of his grandfather Husayn, thought that an Imam should fight oppression. Instead of watching the Muslims stay under a ruler he considered oppressive and ignorant (Hisham), he called for many people to follow him and fight.Rafidha desertion of Zaid
Zaidis accounts state the term Rafida was a term used by Zayd ibn Ali on those who rejected him in his last hours for his refusal to condemn the first two Caliphs of the Muslim world, Abu Bakr and Umar. Zayd bitterly scolds the "rejectors" (Rafidha) who deserted him, an appellation used by Sunnis and Zaydis to refer to Twelver Shi'ites to this day.? A group of their leaders assembled in his (Zayd's presence) and said "May God have mercy on you! What do you have to say on the matter of Abu Bakr and Umar?" Zayd said, "I have not heard anyone in my family renouncing them both nor saying anything but good about them...when they were entrusted with government they behaved justly with the people and acted according to the Qur'an and the Sunnah" ?
Contemporaries opinions of Zayd ibn Ali
Zayd was a revered and respected member of the Ahl ul Bayt, the family bloodline of the prophet Muhammad. Scholars, Saints, Sufis and Imams alike, all spoke of him in respectable terms.
Al-Shaykh Al-Mufid the writer of the famous Shi'ah book Kitab al Irshad described him as, "...a devout worshipper, pious, a jurist, God-fearing and brave."
When describing Zayd, Imam Ja'far al-Sadiq said "Among us he was the best read in the Holy Qur'an, and the most knowledgeable about religion, and the most caring towards family and relatives." Hence his title "Ally of the Quran" (Halef Al-Quran)
Zayd's brother Imam Muhammad al-Baqir spoke of him reverentially, "No one of us was born to resemble ?Ali ibn Abi Taleb more than he did"
Imam Ali ar-Ridha spoke of him respectfully
? ..he (Zayd bin Ali) was one of the scholars from the Household of Muhammad and got angry for the sake of the Honorable the Exalted God. He fought with the enemies of God until he got killed in His path. My father Musa ibn Ja'far narrated that he had heard his father Ja'far ibn Muhammad say, "May God bless my uncle Zayd...He consulted with me about his uprising and I told him, "O my uncle! Do this if you are pleased with being killed and your corpse being hung up from the gallows in the al-Konasa neighborhood." After Zayd left, As-Sadiq said, "Woe be to those who hear his call but do not help him!". ?
?Imam Ali ar-Ridha
Imam Jafar Sadiq's love for his uncle Zayd ibn Ali was immense. Upon receiving and reading the letter of Zayd ibn Ali's death he broke down and cried uncontrollably, and proclaimed aloud? From God we are and to Him is our return. I ask God for my reward in this calamity. He was a really good uncle. My uncle was a man for our world and for our Hereafter. I swear by God that my uncle is a martyr just like the martyrs who fought along with God?s Prophet (s) or Ali (s) or Al-Hassan (s) or Al-Hussein(s) ?
?Uyun Akhbar al-Reza- The Source of Traditions on Imam Ali ar-Ridha
Abu Hanifah once said about Imam Zayd, "I met with Zayd and I never saw in his generation a person more knowledgeable, as quick a thinker, or more eloquent than he was."The Sufi scholar, Mujtahid and mystic, Sufyan al-Thawri respected Imam Zayd's knowledge and character, saying "Zayd took the place of Imam Al-HUssain. He was the most versed human concerning Allah?s holy book. I affirm women have not given birth to the likes of Zayd..."
The famous ascetic Caliph Umar ibn Abdul Aziz was the then Governor of Madinah during the reign of al-Walid and Suleiman and was also an associate of Zayd ibn Ali. Zayd continued to correspond and advise him when he became khalifah.
It is worth mentioning that he is also the first narrator of the famous as-Sahifah as-Sajj?diyya of Imam Zainul 'Abidin.
Several works of hadith, theology, and Qur'anic exegesis are attributed to him. The first work of Islamic jurisprudence Mujmu'-al-Fiqh is attributed to him. The only surviving hand-written manuscript of this work dating back to at least a thousand years is preserved in the pope's library, Bibliotheca Vaticana in Vatican City under "Vaticani arabi". Photocopies of this rare work are available in several libraries including the Library of the University of Birmingham, UK. In 2007, Sayyid Nafis Shah al-Husayni obtained a copy of this work and re-issued it from Lahore. The Mu?tazilite school of theology is believed to have adopted many of Zayd's teachings, and therefore followers of the Zaidiyyah sect were initially close to Mu'tazilite school of theology because of their founder Wasil ibn Ata being the student of Zayd, but they later progressed into two very distinct schools of thought.
He was an excellent orator and spent much of his life learning and educating others. It is said of his brother Imam Muhammad al-Baqir wanted to test his brother on the Quranic knowledge, asking him various questions for which he received answers beyond his expectation, causing to him to remark, "For our father and mother?s life! You are one of a kind. God grace your mother who gave you birth, she gave birth to a replica of your forefathers!"
Hadith Prophesising his Death
The prophet Muhammad prophesied his death, as narrated by Imam Husayn
? "The Holy Prophet put his sacred hand on my back and said 'O Husayn, it will not be long until a man will be born among your descendants. He will be called Zaid; he will be killed as a martyr. On the day of resurrection, he and his companions will enter heaven, setting their feet on the necks of the people.'" ?
?Syed Imam al Husayn
His DeathHistorians of both Shi'is and Sunnis recorded that when Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik became the caliph, he committed many atrocities. With regard to the Bani Hashim, he was particularly cruel. At last, Zayd ibn ?Ali, well known as a great scholar and a pious theologian, went to see the caliph to seek redress for the grievances of the Bani Hashim. As soon as Zaid arrived, the caliph, instead of greeting him as a direct descendant of the prophet, abused him with such abominable language that it can not be repeated. Because of this disgraceful treatment, Zayd left Syria for Kufa, where he raised an army against the Bani Umayyad. The governor of Kufa, Yusuf ibn 'Umar al-Thaqafi came out with a huge army to face him. Zayd recited the following war poem "Disgraceful life and honourable death both are bitter morsels, but if one of them must be chosen, my choice is honourable death."
Although he fought bravely, Zayd was killed in battle on the 2nd of Safar in 120 or 122 A.H. (740 A.D.) at the age of forty-two by Yusuf ibn 'Amr ath-Thaqafi (the Umayyad governor). His son, Yahya, took his body from the field and buried him away from the city near the river bank, causing the water to flow over it. However, the grave was discovered and, under Yusuf's orders, the body was exhumed, Zayd's head was cut off and sent to Hisham in Syria. In the month of Safar, 121 A.H., Hisham had the sacred body of this descendant of the Prophet placed on the gallows entirely naked. For four years the sacred body remained on the gallows. Thereafter, when Walid Ibn Yazid ibn Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan became caliph in 126 A.H., he ordered that the skeleton be taken down from the gallows, burnt, and the ashes scattered to the wind.
The same man committed a similar atrocity to the body of Yahya ibn Zayd of Gurgan (or Jowzjan), who was martyred in Juzjan and buried in Gurgan. This noble man also opposed the oppression of the Bani Umayyad. He too was martyred on the battlefield. His head was sent to Syria and, as in the case of his revered father, his body was hung on the gallows - for six years. Friend and foe alike wept at the sight. Wali al-din Abu Muslim al-Khurasani, who had risen against the Bani Umayyad on behalf of Bani 'Abbas, took his body down and buried it in Gurgan (or Jowzjan). In Sarakhs however, there is a site of pilgrimage at Miyami.
When a survivor of the initial battle of Zayn bin Ali came to Medina to report the death to his nephew, the Imam Ja'far al-Sadiq he reported the devastation of the Imam upon hearing the news
? I went to see Imam As-Sadiq there. I thought I should not tell him about Zayd getting killed since the Imam might get upset. When I saw the Imam, he said, "What did my uncle Zayd do?" I got so upset I could hardly talk. I said, "They killed him." He said, "Did they kill him?"I said, "Yes. By God, they killed him." He (s) asked, "Did they hang his corpse on the gallows?" I said, "Yes. By God, they hung his corpse on the gallows."
The Imam started to cry and his tears were flowing down his face like pearls. Then the Imam said, "O Fudhayl! Were you present there in the battle with the people of Syria along with my uncle?" I said, "Yes." The Imam asked, "How many people did you kill?" I said, "Six of them." The Imam said, "Did you have any doubts about shedding their blood?" I said, "No, I would not have killed them if I had had any doubts." Then I heard the Imam say, "O God! Please give me a share of the reward for this battle! I swear by God that my uncle and his companions were martyrs just like Ali ibn Abi Talib and his companions!"?
?Uyun Akhbar al-Reza- The Source of Traditions on Imam Ali ar-RidhaThat is a little of that history. Just take the essence of the story. The main thing I want to show you is how all these men of the descendants of the prophet(S+) spoke that they have inherited a Book from the prophet(S+) containing the secrets of the Qur'aan and the universe.
Let me give you one some quotations which are also found on other websites.
Imam al-Sadiq (A.S.) I am the son of the Messenger of Allah (S.A.W.). I am aware of
The Book(al_kitaab) of Allah;
the Book in which lies the outset of creation and whatever to be created up to the Resurrection Day,
as well as the information about the heavens, and the earth, paradise and hell, and that of the past and future.
I know these matters as clearly as seeing my palm. Allah says "In it there is the explanation of all things".
Teachings of the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.)Al-Harith ibn al-Mughayrah quoting al-Imam al-Sadiq (A.S.) as saying
Undoubtedly I am aware of what are in heavens, in the earth, paradise, and hell,
as well as of what has been actualized and what is going to be actualized.
The Imam(A.S.), then, paused for a while and,
finding out that this statement sounded a bit too heavy to the audience, continued
I have found all this from The Book(al_kitaab) of Allah, the Almighty,
for Allah says
"In it there is the explanation of all things".Imam al-Baqir(A.S.)
the Holy Prophet(S.A.W.) said to Ali(A.S.)
Write down what I dictate to you.
Ali (A.S.) said O Rasul Allah are you afraid I may forget something?
The Holy Prophet (S.A.W.) replied I am not worried about you forgetting,
I have prayed to the Omnipresence of Allah to strengthen your memory and keep you away from forgetfulness;
write it, however, for your partners. Ali (A.S.) asked Who are my partners O Rasul Allah!?
He replied Those of your sons who are Imams;
it is for their blessings that it rains over my Ummah,
and in the light of their presence the prayer of them is answered;
and Allah fends off calamities from the Ummah for their sake;
and with the blessings of their presence,
Mercy is showered from the heavens;
and he is the first of them,
pointing with his hand to al-Hasan ibn Ali(A.S.), then pointing to al-Husayn(A.S.)
he continued
and his sons who are Imams.Imam al-Sadiq (A.S.)
With us is something with which we have no need of people and it is people who need us.
With us is
a book (kitaab)
which the Messenger of Allah (S.A.W.) has dictated and Ali (A.S.) has written in his own hand writing.
It is
a book (kitaab)
in which every lawful and unlawful is mentioned.Abu al-Jarud quoting al-Imam al-Baqir(A.S.) as saying
when al-Husayn ibn Ali (A.S.) was inflicted with what was supposed to inflict upon him,
he called his eldest daughter, Fatima bint al-Husayn
and gave her a sealed book and an open letter of testament,
and Ali ibn al-Husayn(A.S.) was suffering from such a painful stomach ache
that he was suspected to die.
Fatima bint al-Husayn handed the Book to Ali ibn al-Husayn(A.S.).O Ziyad! I swear by Allah
that this book was transferred to us.
I said May I be sacrificed to you,
what was brought up in this book?
He said I swear to Allah,
whatever the offspring of Adam,
since the time of the creation of Adam to the end of the world, require;
I swear to Allah,
in it are included the penalties,
even the blood money for the slightest scratch.To be continued inshaa allaah.