Oldest Qur?an manuscript MA VI 165
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@Hizbullah what do you mean " the prophet was not an Arab"? Please explain. My understanding from reading a variety of historical sources on the origins of the Arabs, is that the true Arabs (and Jews) were black or dark skinned (Ethiopian- like in appearance) and spread from Yemen, in South Arabia, up to the Hijaz and northern Arabia. Prophet Muhammed's lineage links back to these true Arabs, from the Adnan tribe in Yemen. Also, that the 'white' Arabs are descendants of foreigners who arrived later in the Arabian peninsula. Some came through intermarriage with conquered peoples, some came as slaves, some as concubines and some as refugees fleeing wars or being expelled from lands in the Balkans, Babylonia etc.
Salam,
What you wrote are those from the hadist. Please read the verses below.
- Why was the Quran written in South Arabian Script when the Prophet was not an Arab?
AQ1206
And thus will your Lord choose you and teach you the interpretation of narratives and complete His favour upon you and upon the family of Jacob, as He completed it upon your fathers before, Abraham and Isaac. Indeed, your Lord is Knowing and Wise.AQ2927
And We gave to Him Ishaq and Yaqub and placed in his descendants Prophethood and the Book. And We gave him his reward in this world, and indeed, he is in the hereafter among the righteous.The above verses proofs that prophethood from the family of Abraham was granted to the descendents of Prophet Ishaq. The Last Prophet was a direct descendent of Prophet Ishaq and not Ismael as the Traditional Islamic sources implies! The Arabs are descended from the Prophet Ismael. In fact, all of us in this world at present descend from the 11 sons of Ismael.
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Is there any proof that Arabs are descendants of Ishmael? What happened to the descendants of ishaq? According to pazuzus research (which I believe is accurate ) all prophets mentioned in quran are from the same geographical location that is south Arabia. Doesn't it make Mohammad also an Arab?
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Perhaps open separate thread apply ?outlandish? and ?eloquence? throughout for consistency.
26198 and in case we revealed it on any/some the foreignersPeace Noon, no offence bro, please take it as a friendly argument......
No need, I tell you now. The Quranic rendering of the word 3rabiya (derived from i3rab), means (those who speak clearly) as contrast with a3jamiya (those who speak indistinctly - outlandish).
No you made this claim
Quote from Hizbullah on February 04, 2015, 012554 AM
The Arabs are descended from the Prophet Ismael. In fact, all of us in this world at present descend from the 11 sons of Ismael.Who exactly are Arabs which now you translate as ?eloquence??
See the explanation above and insha ALLAH I will open a new thread on the "11 sons of Ismael".
Yes read your post and not sure where you were going with we are all decedent from 11 sons of Ismael stuff usually by those insecure about their heritage etc., which reminds me of the father character in ?My Big Fat Greek Wedding? laugh
https//www.youtube.com/watch?v=VL9whwwTK6I
I believe you are the one who is insecure. Why is it? Are you afraid of the truth. Let me quote Bro Pazuzu, " The truth hurts eh, the truth is stranger than fiction and the rabbits hole gets deeper" ;D
That is irrelevant, again you claimed this ?
Quote from Hizbullah on February 04, 2015, 012554 AM
Why all these stories in the Quran suddenly appeared in the Talmud in the 4th and 5th Century CE? The answer is that it was the Jews who plagiarized what is from the Quran!Dead Sea Scrolls with similar stories ~ 350 BCE easily refutes your claim
http//www.centuryone.com/25dssfacts.htmlAs do writings of Jewish historian Flavius Josephus (37 CE - circa 100 CE)
http//www.gutenberg.org/files/2848/2848-h/2848-h.htmIt is relevent. I have shown you Quranic proof, yet you take as of no importance and believe in all those jewish lies? elektro
Peace
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Peace Hizbullah,
What has to do with Qu'ran manuscript?
Carbon-14 dating with 95% probably originated between 649-675 CE
PERF 558 643 CE tax receipt shows Islam in Eqypt few years beforeIt does. I am not denying C14 technology. What you have shown proofs that the Quranic script was written in the 7th Century CE. What makes you confirmed that those were the oldest Quranic manuscript, when Quranic and histrorical evidence proofs that the Quran / Islam is much older than 1400 years!
Typically empires spread rapidly if they are united in ideology, have good organizational and educational system, and are inclusive e.g. Alexander army was not all Macedonians included Persians, Thracians, Illyrians, and numerous others who in less than 10 years controlled most of world known to them no matter how zealot, hardcore/hardheaded the people were including the Jews in Jerusalem.
http//iranpoliticsclub.net/maps/images/052%20Alexander%20Conquest%20of%20Persian%20Empire%20Map.jpg
Exactly! That was what the Prophet did! He did not just traveled from Mecca to Medina and vice versa for 20 years and than all of a sudden the whole of Arabia converted to Islam within a short span!
Further, historical evidence proofs that Najran was the first and only "Christian" important oasis and caravan city, and was converted in the 4th century CE. The Namarah Inscription is a "GREAT PROOF". the city was taken over by the Romans with the help of the so called Northern "Arab" Foederati. This Northern "Arab" Foederati were independent states, yet under a general liability to furnish a contingent to the Roman army.
Imagine, if Christianity were to flourished in Arabia from the 4th Century up to the 7th Century, for 300 years, there will be an unimaginable evidence left to proof of its existence in the whole of Arabia. Archaeological evidence shows only Najran was "Christianize". There were substantial proofs that shows the Arab converted to Judaism in the 4th Century. Why were they converting to Judaism when they were already Jews. South Arabia was a center of Judaism since after the time of the Prophet Zakaria a thousand years up till the 4th Century.
The conversion of the South Arabians were not to Judaism but to the Islam. South Arabia was the Prophet last destination and it is plausible that South Arabia was where his final rest place! The original Quran with an eloquent tongue and translated to the Musnad tongue were there. I believe those Qurans were all destroyed by the Ummayyad Khilafa!
Peace
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Is there any proof that Arabs are descendants of Ishmael? What happened to the descendants of ishaq? According to pazuzus research (which I believe is accurate ) all prophets mentioned in quran are from the same geographical location that is south Arabia. Doesn't it make Mohammad also an Arab?
If ALLAH permits me, I will open a new thread on this subject.
Peace
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I think Arab is an elusive term. There is more behind it than an ethnicity.
I have had certain suspicions that Arab originally does not mean what is thought and it is conspicuously similar to Rabb. That or the Quranic Arab is a term of confusion with something else.
What I think is that the word Arab got synonymous with a people once upon a time.
The majority of the prophets were clearly considered Hebrews. And their attached condition to God is what they regarded as Jew (yahood) and Jew is no ethnicity but a member of those who are in the proper faith since near God. It has relationship with the term (huda) which means one is unto something.
The Arab word needs more research before I can say more.
Hebrews were spread all over the Middle-East and they did not have a fixed locale. This language was used even officially within the Persian empire (with the variation Aramaic).
Arabic is too thought through to be the invention of a backwards community and is actually very exact and logical (once you know its deeper secrets). It is not just erupted from a primitive nomadic people. There is much more to it. Virtually all Arabic letters exist in Hebrew except that they use different symbols and use them differently to form words.
Salaam
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It is relevent. I have shown you Quranic proof, yet you take as of no importance and believe in all those jewish lies? elektro
Peace Hizbullah -- you've shown nothing only contradicted yourself.
Again, irrelevant if they are lies or not it refutes your claim since you wrote this
Quote from Hizbullah on February 04, 2015, 012554 AM
Why all these stories in the Quran suddenly appeared in the Talmud in the 4th and 5th Century CE? The answer is that it was the Jews who plagiarized what is from the Quran!Again, similar stories appear 700 & 300 years earlier refutes your plagiarism claim.
It does. I am not denying C14 technology. What you have shown proofs that the Quranic script was written in the 7th Century CE. What makes you confirmed that those were the oldest Quranic manuscript, when Quranic and histrorical evidence proofs that the Quran / Islam is much older than 1400 years!
Again, you've shown nothing! If you have historical evidence please post one verse that's earlier?
"The Inscription of Abraha" (battle memorial, southern Saudi Arabia)
http//www.mnh.si.edu/epigraphy/e_pre-islamic/fig04_sabaean.htmTranscription
B'khail / ar-rahman / wmaseeha /
malikan / Abraha / Zaybm / malik /
sab'a / w zarydan / w hadarmautTranslation
With help The Almighty and messiah, king Abraha Zeebman (king's title), the king of Saba'a, Zuridan and Hadrmaut.(ii)
w ya m n t / w r a a'in r b ha m r / ta w d m /
w t ha m t / s ta r w / z n / s ta r n / k gh z ya w
w yement / wa r'a rab hamw / Twadam / w thamat / satro / zn / satran / K'ghazow
and Yemen and the tribes (on) the mountains and the coast wrote these lines on his battlehttp//www.mnh.si.edu/epigraphy/figs-stones/large/color_lg_jpeg/fig04_c_lg.jpg
Abraha (deceased ~ 553 CE) Aksumite Christian King South Arabia Kingdom of Aksum and Saba/Yemen.
http//image.absoluteastronomy.com/images/encyclopediaimages/k/ka/kaleb.jpg
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Peace Hizbullah -- you've shown nothing only contradicted yourself.
Again, irrelevant if they are lies or not it refutes your claim since you wrote this
Quote from Hizbullah on February 04, 2015, 012554 AM
Why all these stories in the Quran suddenly appeared in the Talmud in the 4th and 5th Century CE? The answer is that it was the Jews who plagiarized what is from the Quran!Again, similar stories appear 700 & 300 years earlier refutes your plagiarism claim.
Peace Noon,
Did I? My question is very straight forward. I am not asking you about what was written 700 years with regards to the 4th Century! The stories of the Quran that was rewritten in the Talmud in the 4th Century should be in the former Book of ALLAH, ie, in the Bible and NOT IN THE TALMUD which was written in the 4th Century! Why?
Quranic Evidence
AQ;0515 - O People of the Scripture, there has come to you Our Messenger making clear to you much of what you CONCEAL OF THE BOOK AND OBLITERATE MUCH. There has come to you from Allah a light and a clear Book.
Again, you've shown nothing! If you have historical evidence please post one verse that's earlier?
"The Inscription of Abraha" (battle memorial, southern Saudi Arabia)
http//www.mnh.si.edu/epigraphy/e_pre-islamic/fig04_sabaean.htmTranscription
B'khail / ar-rahman / wmaseeha /
malikan / Abraha / Zaybm / malik /
sab'a / w zarydan / w hadarmautTranslation
With help The Almighty and messiah, king Abraha Zeebman (king's title), the king of Saba'a, Zuridan and Hadrmaut.(ii)
w ya m n t / w r a a'in r b ha m r / ta w d m /
w t ha m t / s ta r w / z n / s ta r n / k gh z ya w
w yement / wa r'a rab hamw / Twadam / w thamat / satro / zn / satran / K'ghazow
and Yemen and the tribes (on) the mountains and the coast wrote these lines on his battlehttp//www.mnh.si.edu/epigraphy/figs-stones/large/color_lg_jpeg/fig04_c_lg.jpg
Abraha (deceased ~ 553 CE) Aksumite Christian King South Arabia Kingdom of Aksum and Saba/Yemen.
http//image.absoluteastronomy.com/images/encyclopediaimages/k/ka/kaleb.jpg
According to traditional Islamic history, Abraha carried out military action against the Meccans in 570 CE, the year the Arab prophet was born. But there you are, contradicting yourself. Abraha died in 553 CE.
So I conclude that what you have shown are nothing but fictitious.
Peace
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Did I? My question is very straight forward. I am not asking you about what was written 700 years with regards to the 4th Century! The stories of the Quran that was rewritten in the Talmud in the 4th Century should be in the former Book of ALLAH, ie, in the Bible and NOT IN THE TALMUD which was written in the 4th Century! Why?
Peace Hizbullah, Talmud, Bible, you have to be specific and you don't know if they copied from each other.
Likewise your claim they plagiarized non-existent Qur'an at the time is false -- you have not provided proof?According to traditional Islamic history, Abraha carried out military action against the Meccans in 570 CE, the year the Arab prophet was born. But there you are, contradicting yourself. Abraha died in 553 CE.
So I conclude that what you have shown are nothing but fictitious.
There you go again -- please show how/where I contradicted myself due to some Arab tradition/hearsay about 570 CE?
Again it is you contradicting history shown you above which you agree that South Arabia was ruled by Christians until 7th century -- again if you have any historical evidence of an earlier Qur'an please post it here -- even a single verse?
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Peace Hizbullah, Talmud, Bible, you have to be specific and you don't know if they copied from each other.
Likewise your claim they plagiarized non-existent Qur'an at the time is false -- you have not provided proof?Peace Noon,
I have already provided you Quranic evidence, but of course, it shows clearly Quran is nothing to you
AQ;4506 - These are the verses of Allah which We recite to you in truth. Then in what statement after Allah and His verses will they believe?
There you go again -- please show how/where I contradicted myself due to some Arab tradition/hearsay about 570 CE?
Again it is you contradicting history shown you above which you agree that South Arabia was ruled by Christians until 7th century -- again if you have any historical evidence of an earlier Qur'an please post it here -- even a single verse?
Off course you contradict yourself by acknowledging the traditional history of Islam, that is, the Prophet was an Arab, the Quran was sent down in Arabic so on and so forth. You can twist and turn 360 degree, but your writings are all over this thread and proof you contradict yourself.
When did I ever said that South Arabia was ruled by Christians until 7th century. Show me.
Thank you for showing the historical evidence , it shows that Abraha did not attacked Mecca in 570 CE with Elephant Battalions. As such, there is no such things as an Arab prophet born in 570 CE, there is no such city as Mecca. All Traditional Islamic sources are nothing but fictitious and you believe in them nope
http//www.mnh.si.edu/epigraphy/figs-stones/large/color_lg_jpeg/fig04_c_lg.jpg
Further Quranic Evidence 6304
And when you see them, you wonder their physique and when they speak, you listen to their speech as if they were MUSNAD INSCRIPTION ON WOODEN PLANKS.
The Prophet was wondering of those hypocrites of their physique and the speech and their writings. They seems so strange to him.
Look at the South Arabian writings, it looks like some cartoons drawings
Peace
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Salam @ Hizbollah Can you please clarify "The above verses proofs that prophethood from the family of Abraham was granted to the descendents of Prophet Ishaq. The Last Prophet was a direct descendent of Prophet Ishaq and not Ismael as the Traditional Islamic sources implies! The Arabs are descended from the Prophet Ismael. In fact, all of us in this world at present descend from the 11 sons of Ismael."
Do we know if God granted prophethood to any one else from other races, tribes, or peoples not living in the Middle East? When you say " all of us in this world" who are you referring to? Do you mean "all of us Arabs"? Or are you including Arabised peoples, Brazilian jungle tribal peoples, Viking descendants etc etc in that statement?
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I have already provided you Quranic evidence, but of course, it shows clearly Quran is nothing to you
Peace Hizbullah -- verse you posted is not proof Qur'an came down in 4th century?
Off course you contradict yourself by acknowledging the traditional history of Islam
What exactly did I acknowledge?
Your writings are all over this thread and proof you contradict yourself.
Please post one contradiction and quote me?
Thank you for showing the historical evidence , it shows that Abraha did not attacked Mecca in 570 CE with Elephant Battalions. As such, there is no such things as an Arab prophet born in 570 CE, there is no such city as Mecca. All Traditional Islamic sources are nothing but fictitious and you believe in them nope
Who exactly are you debating the above with?
Was it not posted Abraha (deceased ~ 553 CE) Aksumite Christian King South Arabia Kingdom of Aksum and Saba/Yemen?
Likewise are there not historical coins and other evidence that his decedents ruled S. Arabia until Islam came in 7th century?
Again, if you are going to make a statement that Qur'an was in 4th century to a non-Arab in a non-Arabic script/language and that whole world is decedent from 11 "arabs/eloquent" sons now according to you then simply post your evidence?
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LOL, you believe in the DSS craps? Let me show you what the Jews plagiarize-
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Life of Adam and Eve according to Jewish pseudepigraphical group of writings, written in 3rd to the 5th century!
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Adam and the Angels according to The Legends of the Jews written in the 1900s
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Killing all Mankind according to the Mishnah Sanhedrin written in the 4th Century CE!
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The raven and the burial of Abel according to The Ten Generations - The Punishment of Cain, The Legend of the Jews
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Abraham ? idol wrecker according to the Midrash Bereishit 3813, written in the 4th Century CE
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Moses' mother nurse him according to the Talmud written in the 4th Century
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Pharaoh's magicians according to Ambrosiaster. The commentary itself was written during the papacy of Pope Damasus I, that is, between 366 and 384!
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Korah's keys according to the Talmud written in the 4th Century
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The Cave - the story of men protected by sleeping in a cave according to the Christian version from the Syrian bishop Jacob of Sarug (c. 450?521), in the 6th Century CE!
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Mary and Zechariah according to the oldest manuscript of the Gospel of James is the 4th century Papyrus Bodmer V!
a. God cares for Mary
b. Casting lots to care for Mary -
Mary and the miracle of the Palm Tree according to the Gospel of Pseudo-Matthew is believed to date back to the 6th century!
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Injilu 't Tufuliyyah also known as the Infancy Gospel of Thomas and the Gospel of the Infancy of Jesus Christ, was ALLEGED written in the middle of the 2nd century. However, it is UNKNOWN whether the original language of the Infancy Gospel of Thomas was Greek or Syriac. The few surviving Greek manuscripts provide NO CLUES themselves, since none of them date before the 13th century, while the earliest authorities, according to the editor and translator Montague Rhodes James, are a much abbreviated 6th century Syriac version, and a Latin palimpsest of the 5th or 6th century, which has NEVER been fully translated and can be found in Vienna.
Since Christianity was founded in the 4th Century by the Greco-Romans and the NT written in Greek, there is no doubt that the Gosple was written in Greek in the 5th or 6th Century as according to Montague Rhodes James. The stories plagiarized were
a. Jesus creates birds
b. Jesus speaks in the cradleThe Quran says in 0691
And they did not appraise ALLAH with true appraisal when they said, "ALLAH did not reveal to a human being anything." Say, "Who revealed the BOOK that Moses brought as light and guidance to the people? You make it into PARCHMENTS, SCATTER IT and CONCEALING MUCH. And you were taught that which you knew not - neither you nor your fathers." Say, " Allah ." Then leave them in their discourse, amusing themselves.
The Quran confirms what the disbelievers did to the Book of Musa, that is, they make it into parchments, scatter it and conceal much of the information. But when the Quran was sent down revealing to them of what they concealed, they plagiarized what is from the Quran and than accused the Quran of plagiarized. Can you see the conspiracy?
Salam Noon
I am BACK muscle
The Quran Chapter 19
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Mention of the mercy of your Lord to His servant Zechariah
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And mention, , in the Book Mary, when she withdrew from her family to a place toward the east.
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And mention in the Book Abraham. Indeed, he was a man of truth and a prophet.
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And mention in the Book, Moses. Indeed, he was chosen, and he was a messenger and a prophet.
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And mention in the Book, Ishmael. Indeed, he was true to his promise, and he was a messenger and a prophet.
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And mention in the Book, Idrees. Indeed, he was a man of truth and a prophet.
The Quran confirms that the above stories were told in the Book of Musa and not in separate books. It was written 1000 years before the 4th Century. Besides the Quran also confirms that the Book of Musa has only 2 sections, the Torah and Injeel and not in 66 books as in the Jewish and Christians blatant lies.
Peace
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The Quran confirms that the above stories were told in the Book of Musa and not in separate books.
Peace Hizbullah -- are you posting in the correct topic/thread; you were asked questions by Lena and myself?
This topic is on Qu'ran (i.e. book you are quoting), do you have evidence 4th century manuscript or anything?
71 alif lam meem saad
72 book descended to you so not that be in breast your critical from it that thou warn with it and reminder to the believers151 alif lam ra these are signs/verses the book and Qur?an clear
152 perhaps loves the ones disregard they of in case be ye of acquiescent159 surely we we have descended we of the reminder and surely we for it surely guarding
191 kaaf ha ya ain saad
192 remembrance mercy lord your devotee his Zakariyya
193 when called lord his call hidden
194 said lord that I feeble the bone from mine and flared the head white hair/gray of and not I am in calling me you lord mischievous of
195 and that I fear I the heirs/successors from after me and be she woman mine barren of so give to me from yourself supporter of
196 he inheritor mine and he inheritor from family Ayyub/Jacob and make him lord delightful -
Peace Hizbullah -- are you posting in the correct topic/thread; you were asked questions by Lena and myself?
Salam Noon
I have already answered.
This topic is on Qu'ran (i.e. book you are quoting), do you have evidence 4th century manuscript or anything?
The Quran says in Chapter 19 which i have quoted that stories of Abraham, Musa, Esa and the rest were all recorded in the Book of Musa a thousand years before the 4th Century. What i shown earlier, see below
Quote from Hizbullah on February 07, 2015, 104143 PM
LOL, you believe in the DSS craps? Let me show you what the Jews plagiarize--
Life of Adam and Eve according to Jewish pseudepigraphical group of writings, written in 3rd to the 5th century!
-
Adam and the Angels according to The Legends of the Jews written in the 1900s
-
Killing all Mankind according to the Mishnah Sanhedrin written in the 4th Century CE!
-
The raven and the burial of Abel according to The Ten Generations - The Punishment of Cain, The Legend of the Jews
-
Abraham ? idol wrecker according to the Midrash Bereishit 3813, written in the 4th Century CE
-
Moses' mother nurse him according to the Talmud written in the 4th Century
-
Pharaoh's magicians according to Ambrosiaster. The commentary itself was written during the papacy of Pope Damasus I, that is, between 366 and 384!
-
Korah's keys according to the Talmud written in the 4th Century
-
The Cave - the story of men protected by sleeping in a cave according to the Christian version from the Syrian bishop Jacob of Sarug (c. 450?521), in the 6th Century CE!
-
Mary and Zechariah according to the oldest manuscript of the Gospel of James is the 4th century Papyrus Bodmer V!
a. God cares for Mary
b. Casting lots to care for Mary -
Mary and the miracle of the Palm Tree according to the Gospel of Pseudo-Matthew is believed to date back to the 6th century!
-
Injilu 't Tufuliyyah also known as the Infancy Gospel of Thomas and the Gospel of the Infancy of Jesus Christ, was ALLEGED written in the middle of the 2nd century. However, it is UNKNOWN whether the original language of the Infancy Gospel of Thomas was Greek or Syriac. The few surviving Greek manuscripts provide NO CLUES themselves, since none of them date before the 13th century, while the earliest authorities, according to the editor and translator Montague Rhodes James, are a much abbreviated 6th century Syriac version, and a Latin palimpsest of the 5th or 6th century, which has NEVER been fully translated and can be found in Vienna.
Since Christianity was founded in the 4th Century by the Greco-Romans and the NT written in Greek, there is no doubt that the Gosple was written in Greek in the 5th or 6th Century as according to Montague Rhodes James. The stories plagiarized were
a. Jesus creates birds
b. Jesus speaks in the cradlewere all written in the 4th Century, Why? This shows clearly that the above were plagiarized from the Quran, which means the Quran were already present in the 4th Century.
Peace
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were all written in the 4th Century, Why? This shows clearly that the above were plagiarized from the Quran, which means the Quran were already present in the 4th Century.
Peace Hizbullah -- again you have not provided any physical evidence of a qur'an in 4th century; not even a single verse (case dismissed).
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Salaam,
Considered the pathetic interpretation of Quran by the year 800-1000 interpreters it is as if they interpreted a completely foreign text with little to no clue of what it said whatsoever, so it would not be surprising if Quran was revealed in the 4th century. It would be more understandable if it had been at least a 500-600 years between composition and available interpretations, when you take the inaccurate understandings of what it says. The interpreters could not simply read and interpret it but they had to take it as scholarly work. All added diacritical marks and mistakes of scribes testify to that.
And due to this people should not just take available lexicons or understanding of passages as obvious. Not even classical grammar.
But it is not certain that one plagiarized the other, especially if the knowledge was not unique but several people knew it.
Salaam
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Peace Hizbullah -- again you have not provided any physical evidence of a qur'an in 4th century; not even a single verse (case dismissed).
Peace Noon
You have outright rejected all the Quranic evidences nope. That is not a scholarly approached. You cannot even answered my question.
The oldest Quran that you have posted is not the oldest - I reject you claims yeah
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But it is not certain that one plagiarized the other, especially if the knowledge was not unique but several people knew it.
SalaamSalam MOF
I believe it is. Ample Quranic evidences already proof as such.
Quranic Evidence
AQ;0515 - O People of the Scripture, there has come to you Our Messenger making clear to you much of what you CONCEAL OF THE BOOK AND OBLITERATE MUCH. There has come to you from Allah a light and a clear Book.
"making clear to you of what you CONCEAL OF THE BOOK AND OBLITERATE MUCH" - So what does it means?
Peace
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Salaam,
Okay. But it is still not specified if it is that sort of knowledge which is "concealed".
Most of the knowledge the clergy has concealed and distorted from the prophets is the perception of the "God" phenomenon. And on top of that a lot of invented terms to justify a more ritualistic faith. When the scripture came they had to justify their namaz etc, so they intentionally took an innocent word and basically said "this means our ritual prayer!"
It does not matter to me though. I know Quran is authentic.
Salaam