How Did it Come to This? (Part 1)
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It simply proves that the "MECCA" mentione in the reading is not a reference to ANY CITY at all!
Truth, why the ultimatum? Why can't that verse be saying both Mecca and destruction? Why can't it mean both the city and destruction at the same time? In my mind that makes what is being said even more powerful, that God can use this language so that passages in the Quran can have meaning on a specific level as well as on a universal level. Why one or the other? The word here can refer to both Mecca and destruction. If we can realize that then we can see the bigger picture.
Further you said
It is not sufficient to say that it must be true because that is what everyone accepts.
Well consider the things that I, JM and others have been saying like
Knowing the nature of 'evidence', from rumors to original statements helps us weigh the likelihood of these evidences being authentic. Rumor has less authenticity then written or canonized/standardized statements which is why the Quran and other written statements like that of the Greek and Roman surveyors holds more sway than the Hadeeth when they contradict each other. To deny rumor altoghether just because it is rumor means denying what could possibly be true, and rumor is more authentic then conjured up conjectures, because rumor is at its root based on an eye-witnesses account (unless this can be proven otherwise) even though it can be subject to corruption, as all evidences are subject to corruption on different levels and in different ways.
AnwarYes, the hadiths have no place in the deen, and should never be considered reliable. They should be ignored when they contradict the qurn.
However, they should not be disregarded as a tool to explore history. Something that is mentioned in many hadith with independent isnad can be considered to have some likelihood of truth.Here are 2 examples of the way we could deal with the hadith
http//www.islamicperspectives.com/Preservation5.htm
http//www.islamicperspectives.com/Stoning3.htmTo me, this kind of approach is far more scientific than baseless conjectures
JMthink this happened so we can be further tested. Our life is one big test, right? We need to be tested all the time.
In the early age they had smaller tests, according to theri own intelligence and time and space but now we made progress on so many levels that we are tested on them.
AlenYou say distort, and I say misunderstand. Those misunderstandings later become cemented into the way people think and wala, there you have it. You'd call it a big conspiracy, I call it an institutionalized misunderstanding. The word Ka'bah means cube too. This book was revealed at first to simple people. Most people incline to their biases without even knowing it. Take a proud Arab who grew up in Mecca and knew about the shrine in his town called the Ka'bah. He associates his religion with this shrine and here comes a book talking about religion and mentions this word Ka'abah. If he had thought and been logical and thought about how this message applies to all men he would have concluded that it meant great honor here, not this little old shrine. But the shrine is more apart of his life than all of mankind, and naturally he's going to look for how this book applies to his life. So he understands it as his shrine. That is natural for simple people caught up in their own world.
AnwarAs for those quotes sorry about that. I'll look back and see who wrote them. But I hope it served to help you understand my position better as well as for the person who actually did make those statements.
But again why the ultimatum? Why is one way or no way?
Godbless,
Anwar -
Peace,
So those who say that the present Mecca is somehow related to the emergence of Islam must prove it.
What proofs are you looking for, Oben, other than the ones I provided earlier (see below)? Now kindly do me a fovour likewise which proves that Mecca and Kaba never existed in pre-Islam? I am not looking for Smithsonian tombstone incriptions in gibberish language which has nothing to do with the Arabic Quran. A couple of people on this forum, such as yourself and Ayman, out of the nearly 7 billion (which by the way includes the enemies of Islam), making a mighty freaky and outlandish claim in the non-existence of Mecca and Kaba on which lies the foundations of Islam (including the Quran) which Muhammad brought about, and you simply melt it down by your wishy-washy notions.
The argument doesn't even rely upon the status of Mecca in history. It simply proves that the "MECCA" mentione in the reading is not a reference to ANY CITY at all!
Amazing, and just how do you figure that one? What do you know about this "Great Reading" anyways; that it came floating down out of thin air (read and study the links provided) or perhaps a supreme god located at Kaba said so?
Obviously the prophet was born somewhere, and equally as obviously the reading was revealed somewhere. We say who cares where it was - they say they need the city for whatever reason. The existence of a place like Mecca as the center for an organised religion only serves to concentrate power and money in the hands of whoever controls that center. I believe that is the motive for why people care.
No, not just somewhere, but certainly in Mecca where Muhammad was born. And as far as the compilation of the Quran....oh, well, its a whole different chapter. Obviously you don't care where and how the Quran came about because, afterall, of whatever the heck it talks about, it just blindly says so because its written or sent down by an alleged "Allah", and that too in pure clairty, precision and detail.
Take you time and make sure you read and study the links below, all of them
The earliest biography of Muhammad
http//web.archive.org/web/20040625103910/http//www.hraic.org/hadith/ibn_ishaq.html#The%20earliest%20biography%20of%20Muhammad,%20by%20ibn%20IshaqMuhammad, Mahomet, Mahmud, Mehmet, Abdallah, etc.
http//31.1911encyclopedia.org/M/MA/MAHOMET.htmIslam, Mecca and Kaba
http//www.therefinersfire.org/mecca.htmThe origins of Mecca and historic Arabia
http//www.mideastweb.org/arabiahistory.htmhttp//www.1911encyclopedia.org/M/ME/MECCA.htm
http//www.historyworld.net/wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=aa51
Ancients accounts of Arabia (430 BCE ? 550 CE)
http//www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/arabia1.htmlhttp//islamreview.org/KoranKafir/appendix4.html
Pre-Islamic hanged poems (before 622 CE)
http//www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/640hangedpoems.htmlArabs in fifth century
http//www.fordham.edu/halsall/med/shahid.htmlMuhammad as portrayed in Answers.com which includes dictionary, encyclopedias, literature, WorldNet, Wikipedia, etc.
http//www.answers.com/topic/muhammadHistoricity of Kaba (hajj)
http//www.crystalinks.com/blackstone.htmlhttp//www.archiveeditions.co.uk/Leafcopy%5C430-2.htm
Kaba, a Hindu temple
http//www.hinduism.co.za/kaabaa.htmhttp//www.vnn.org/editorials/ET0002/ET21-5523.html
http//www.islamreview.com/articles/inventionofislam.shtml
http//www.sikhphilosophy.net/general-philosophy/307-interesting-history-kaaba-originallya-hindu-temple.html
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peace Danish,
the above is not evidence.
I found the Kaaba being a Hindu temple thing interesting, but I don't know how that can be true. And why they would hang a hindu dish inside the kaaba in the first place, let alone how this person got to know about it. And the author makes some pretty stupid comments.
If I did miss something, please give it to me.I do recognize the possibility that the hadith give us a true account of what went on during the prophet's life.
Maybe we can look at the arabic of some of the hadith that mention Mecca and Kaaba and reach a conclusion, because we know that they have been at least corrupted if not there to corrupt. -
Peace,
the above is not evidence.
I'll ask you the same question which I asked Oben earlier and that is what sort of evidence/proof are you looking for exactly? The links I gave are not enough, the enemies of Islam who talk about it are not enough, Muslim websites are not enough, others here who agree are not enough, ahadiths are not enough, encyclopedias and dictionaries are not enough and finally your own book of "Allah" is not enough. elektro
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Peace IPM,
I'll answer your question. Look at Ayman's evidence, and look at your evidence.
His was archeological facts. Not historical rumors.As can be clearly seen in this discussion, everyone here who believes in Mecca from Anwar to JM to Danish to whoever believes in it on the basis of the pious fiction of Hadith and Sira.
I am not going back to discussing why Hadith and Sira are not real evidence. I've had those discussions a few years ago. The Hadith and Sira falsehoods have been beaten to death and we have progressed greatly since then. Now when people such as Anwar, Danish and JM try to put their cart in front of this Hadith/Sira dead horse, we should not waste our time in beating it again when it is already dead. Even Sunnis on newsgroups where I post such soc.religion.islam don't dare bringing up Hadiths into such discussions. This is not out of their kind hearts but they have learned the hard way that Hadiths are indefensible as evidence. At best they only give a distorted picture about the discussions going on at the time when they were cannonized (the late Abbassid era).
Peace,
Ayman
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Peace Ayman,
I've been browsing and studying this entire thread along with the links you'd provided. At this moment, I will present some of your earlier statements and a few concerns to begin with.
There is no evidence of a pre-quranic town named Mecca and the evidence shows that the common noun "mecca" (destruction) in 4824 was appropriated after the great reading was revealed.
The problem is that you consistently baffle around about ?pre-quranic? but when faced with a question as to when the Quran was revealed, you coughed it out as being not important. Now then, how do you figure something out from "pre-quranic" not knowing when it was actually compiled to begin with; meaning what evidence do you have about the year or century that is ?pre-quranic? in order to understand and support your claim whether Mecca (Makkah) existed or not before that time?
We know from the great reading that the people of the prophet venerated idols called Allat, Aluzza and Manat (5319-20) and this is confirmed by archeological evidence.
Could you please provide the name of this archeologist/s (or a link) who examined the idols in bold above? I?d like to witness the PROOFS of what's cookin?
- And the majority of them do not have faith in The God except while they are idolaters.
If we believe in 12106, then we must know that the majority of people who have faith in The God are idolaters who associate idols such as Allat with The God as we saw above.
Actually ?Allah? at the Kaba is The God, The Supreme/The Almighty and Allat, Uzza and Manat were the goddesses (daughters of Allah) of which Allat was the chief goddess, including but not limited to idols such as Harut, Marut, Hubel, etc., and numerous other idols present at Kaba during Muhammad?s time. Muhammad destroyed almost all the idols leaving behind The Almighty Supreme along with few others; the angels and children of Allah.
Taken from Smithsonian National Museum (http//www.mnh.si.edu/epigraphy/e_islamic/islamic.htm)
"The first school of Arabic writing and calligraphy developed in the two Holy cities of Makkah and Medinah. The two well known scripts which were developed in Makkah and Medina were known as Makki and Madani scripts. These appeared long before the Kufi script and during the first century Hegra; the Arabic was written in two different styles known as Hard Kufi and Soft Kufi. The present form of Arabic writing with dots and signs developed around 2nd century Hegra (8th century AD).From the above, can you figure out the existence/period of Mecca (Makkah)?
That's all for now. Thanks.
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So those who say that the present Mecca is somehow related to the emergence of Islam must prove it.
What proofs are you looking for, Oben, other than the ones I provided earlier (see below)? Now kindly do me a fovour likewise which proves that Mecca and Kaba never existed in pre-Islam? I am not looking for Smithsonian tombstone incriptions in gibberish language which has nothing to do with the Arabic Quran. A couple of people on this forum, such as yourself and Ayman, out of the nearly 7 billion (which by the way includes the enemies of Islam), making a mighty freaky and outlandish claim in the non-existence of Mecca and Kaba on which lies the foundations of Islam (including the Quran) which Muhammad brought about, and you simply melt it down by your wishy-washy notions.
I'm not asking for proof that a settlement in what is now called "Mecca" and any shrine did not exist pre-Islam at their present sites. So the claim is not about the existence of places but rather about the wording, meaning and grammar of the use of the word 'mecca'.
Ayman's argument is decisive in showing that the word "mecca" in the reading is not a proper noun. Let's examine this a bit further with an example.
"...the man stumbled around in darkness..."
Ignoring the fact it's presented in lowercase; from that sentence is "darkness" an adjective or a proper noun?
It is clear from the fact that the man is stumbling and context that the darkness is an adjective. What the "Mecca is a place/proper noun" proponents are arguing is equivalent to saying that in the sentence above, that darkness is actually "Darkness" a little known town in Scotland (a made up town).
Obviously the prophet was born somewhere, and equally as obviously the reading was revealed somewhere. We say who cares where it was - they say they need the city for whatever reason. The existence of a place like Mecca as the center for an organised religion only serves to concentrate power and money in the hands of whoever controls that center. I believe that is the motive for why people care.
No, not just somewhere, but certainly in Mecca where Muhammad was born. And as far as the compilation of the Quran....oh, well, its a whole different chapter. Obviously you don't care where and how the Quran came about because, afterall, of whatever the heck it talks about, it just blindly says so because its written or sent down by an alleged "Allah", and that too in pure clairty, precision and detail.
These are non-issues to the matter at hand.
The ultimate problem is in the truth of the accepted histories. Someone naive to the city of Brisbane where I live may not know the history of its roads etc. They may read modern accounts and consulting current street directories come to believe the wrong things. An example is in the very areas where I live...
Originally closer to Brisbane, what is now Wynnum Road was called Bulimba Road, and further out it was called Wynnum Road or Lytton Road. When the bridge was built over the mouth of Norman Creek in 1856, Wynnum Road became a faster route to Cleveland and so became known as the Cleveland Road. In 1863, a Parliamentary report declared the road was impassable and people had to travel by private land. Wynnum Road was known as Cleveland Road until the 1950s.
So a number of the roads in my area were called completely different things only 50-100 years ago; not only that but the actual roads in existence today share those names but are located in places different to what the history records.
Not many people alive today could tell you any of those things and would believe that the modern day roads have been that way from the time they were built.
I hope these things have illuminated the issue a little more.
Regards.
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Ha Ha truth
you actually dimmed the subject by your example of "In Darkness", ironically I agree with you however you talking about totally something else that is equivelent to "Fi" not "Be"
the letter in front of Mecca that we have is "Be Mecca", not "Fi Mecca"
I hope that you see where you got it wrong
Regards
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Ha Ha truth
you actually dimmed the subject by your example of "In Darkness", ironically I agree with you however you talking about totally something else that is equivelent to "Fi" not "Be"
the letter in front of Mecca that we have is "Be Mecca", not "Fi Mecca"
I hope that you see where you got it wrong
Regards
Dear Ahmed,
My example was purely an English one that I constructed to illustrate the point; not to create an exact analogy. And no, it wasn't an Arabic lesson, nor did it purport to be.
Regards.
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Ha Ha truth
you actually dimmed the subject by your example of "In Darkness", ironically I agree with you however you talking about totally something else that is equivelent to "Fi" not "Be"
the letter in front of Mecca that we have is "Be Mecca", not "Fi Mecca"
I hope that you see where you got it wrong
Regards
Dear Ahmed,
My example was purely an English one that I constructed to illustrate the point; not to create an analogy. And no, it wasn't an Arabic lesson, nor did it purport to be.
Regards.
Bro
but you were using this example to explain the arabic words "Be Batn Mecca"
now if it means what you mean it should be "Fi Makka" and that is what destrection mean Makka not Mekka
Salam
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Ha Ha truth
you actually dimmed the subject by your example of "In Darkness", ironically I agree with you however you talking about totally something else that is equivelent to "Fi" not "Be"
the letter in front of Mecca that we have is "Be Mecca", not "Fi Mecca"
I hope that you see where you got it wrong
Regards
Dear Ahmed,
My example was purely an English one that I constructed to illustrate the point; not to create an analogy. And no, it wasn't an Arabic lesson, nor did it purport to be.
Regards.
Bro
but you were using this example to explain the arabic words "Be Batn Mecca"
now if it means what you mean it should be "Fi Makka" and that is what destrection mean Makka not Mekka
Salam
Ahmed,
The example was designed to show the ambiguity that can exist due to how we treat the word - ie. as an adjective or as a noun.
It is clear from the context that the sentence I quoted has "darkness" as an adjective - but someone might create a town called "Darkness" and suddenly the man is now stumbling around in a town and not in blackness.
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ok truth
salam mate
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Peace Oben,
I am sorry I can't buy the terminology of a city named Mecca to become destruction, because, as per 4824, the city was victored, not destroyed. Secondly, Mecca was never destroyed prior to, during and after "pre-quranic" times. Thirdly, assuming mecca meant destruction, then what city are you and Ayman talking about that bought destruction? Please provide your famous "archeological" evidence? If you notice, the verse also gives victory to "them" as well, which is a bit unclear and inconsistent.
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Peace Oben,
I am sorry I can't buy the terminology of a city named Mecca to become destruction, because, as per 4824, the city was victored, not destroyed. Secondly, Mecca was never destroyed prior to, during and after "pre-quranic" times. Thirdly, assuming mecca meant destruction, then what city are you and Ayman talking about that bought destruction? Please provide your famous "archeological" evidence? If you notice, the verse also gives victory to "them" as well, which is a bit unclear and inconsistent.
Going with that reasoning, the cities of Berlin and London should be in ruins still. Other cities which have been sacked should also be non-existent. The fact is that the destruction of war whether it be to buildings or other things is passing. People rebuild the structures, institutions and social bonds.
Regards.
BTW No one is arguing that the modern city "Mecca" was destroyed etc. You're still convinced that the word "mecca" in the reading pertains to what the people have accepted it to mean. Does it really matter where it was? Could you not be who you are if it all happenned at the North Pole?
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Peace Danish,
The problem is that you consistently baffle around about ?pre-quranic? but when faced with a question as to when the Quran was revealed, you coughed it out as being not important. Now then, how do you figure something out from "pre-quranic" not knowing when it was actually compiled to begin with; meaning what evidence do you have about the year or century that is ?pre-quranic? in order to understand and support your claim whether Mecca (Makkah) existed or not before that time?
We don't know exactly when the great reading was descended and as I said pin pointing the date is not important from the point of view of the message. Academically, one can probably estimate late 6th - early 7th century CE (580's-610's). But this is only an estimate. Now for someone like you who thinks that the great reading is manmade, you are actually forced to admit this dating. Certainly a manmade book would have attempted to deal with the many significant events of the middle of the 7th century or at least show some bias towards those events. Had it been manmade, then the fact that the great reading doesn't mention any events of the Arab conquests or civil wars gives it a terminus ante quem date of no later than the 620s CE, which is when the Kingdom of the Arabs began and they started the rapid expansion into Persian and Byzantine territory. At any rate, as I said many times, the great reading must be judged not based on dating but based on the criteria that it sets for itself, namely internal consistency and the message it is conveying.
We know from the great reading that the people of the prophet venerated idols called Allat, Aluzza and Manat (5319-20) and this is confirmed by archeological evidence.
Could you please provide the name of this archeologist/s (or a link) who examined the idols in bold above? I?d like to witness the PROOFS of what's cookin?
Just look for yourself in the web site of the Saudi Antiquities. For example, you will see an invocation to Allat in this north Arabian inscription
http//www.mnh.si.edu/epigraphy/e_pre-islamic/fig22-safaitic09.htm
There are many such invocations to those idols in inscriptions in Arabia.
Actually ?Allah? at the Kaba is The God, The Supreme/The Almighty and Allat, Uzza and Manat were the goddesses (daughters of Allah) of which Allat was the chief goddess, including but not limited to idols such as Harut, Marut, Hubel, etc., and numerous other idols present at Kaba during Muhammad?s time. Muhammad destroyed almost all the idols leaving behind The Almighty Supreme along with few others; the angels and children of Allah.
This is false. The word "allah/al-ilah" is not the proper name of a deity. It is a generic noun meaning "the god". Similarly the word "kaaba" is not the proper name of a structure. It is a common noun that means "base". Thus, in Arabic "kaab al-wadi" means "the base of the valley". The cube idol was never called Kaaba and we never see the name Kaaba inscribed on one of those cubes. On the other hand, we find named of idols such as Allat and Dushara inscribed on those cubes and even sometimes those cube blocks were enhanced with an eye and a nose. Such blocks are commonly referred to as "jinn" blocks because they are ABSTRACT (imaginary) representations of the idols. This is probably relevant to the discussions going on about the translation of "jinn" (imagination/fantasy) on another thread on this forum.
Taken from Smithsonian National Museum (http//www.mnh.si.edu/epigraphy/e_islamic/islamic.htm)
"The first school of Arabic writing and calligraphy developed in the two Holy cities of Makkah and Medinah. The two well known scripts which were developed in Makkah and Medina were known as Makki and Madani scripts. These appeared long before the Kufi script and during the first century Hegra; the Arabic was written in two different styles known as Hard Kufi and Soft Kufi. The present form of Arabic writing with dots and signs developed around 2nd century Hegra (8th century AD).From the above, can you figure out the existence/period of Mecca (Makkah)?
You are wrong. This is taken from the Saudi Department of Antiquities. Read the top right-hand side of the web page. Such nonsense taken from pious fiction can be easily dismissed. Just look at all the inscriptions that they have on the site starting from the pre-Islamic all the way to the Islamic ones. You will not find a single example of this supposed Makkah and Medinah script. In fact, you will never find a single such example anywhere. In the area of central Arabia where Mecca is, the script used was the Musnad script, which is completely different to the Nabataean Aramaic script that evovled into the Kufic script. By the way, as an interesting side note, Kufa is another name for the city of Hira. When the city of Hira grew it became named Kufa. So unlike central Arabia where Musnad was the script used, Kufa is a natural setting for the development of the Arabic script as per the evidence in the article.
Peace,
Ayman
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Peace Oben,
I am sorry I can't buy the terminology of a city named Mecca to become destruction, because, as per 4824, the city was victored, not destroyed. Secondly, Mecca was never destroyed prior to, during and after "pre-quranic" times. Thirdly, assuming mecca meant destruction, then what city are you and Ayman talking about that bought destruction? Please provide your famous "archeological" evidence? If you notice, the verse also gives victory to "them" as well, which is a bit unclear and inconsistent.
Going with that reasoning, the cities of Berlin and London should be in ruins still. Other cities which have been sacked should also be non-existent. The fact is that the destruction of war whether it be to buildings or other things is passing. People rebuild the structures, institutions and social bonds.
With your reasoning based upon mine, you should be at Carnaby Lane in Oxford Street selling and buying cheesecloth.
BTW No one is arguing that the modern city "Mecca" was destroyed etc.
Neither am I or Ayman.
You're still convinced that the word "mecca" in the reading pertains to what the people have accepted it to mean.
Why, you don't believe in people....err...I mean humans?
Does it really matter where it was? Could you not be who you are if it all happenned at the North Pole?
Certainly, I could be at North Pole. But can you be at Mecca 1500 years ago?
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Peace Danish,
This is false. The word "allah/al-ilah" is not the proper name of a deity. It is a generic noun meaning "the god". Similarly the word "kaaba" is not the proper name of a structure. It is a common noun that means "base". Thus, in Arabic "kaab al-wadi" means "the base of the valley". The cube idol was never called Kaaba and we never see the name Kaaba inscribed on one of those cubes. On the other hand, we find named of idols such as Allat and Dushara inscribed on those cubes and even sometimes those cube blocks were enhanced with an eye and a nose. Such blocks are commonly referred to as "jinn" blocks because they are ABSTRACT (imaginary) representations of the idols. This is probably relevant to the discussions going on about the translation of "jinn" (imagination/fantasy) on another thread on this forum.
Peace,
Ayman
Salaam All,
Kaaba means cube. The structure in Mecca is cube shaped. Medina used to be called Yatrib. The words elah, ilah, eloh, elo, are all nouns. The article 'the' in Arabic 'al' is added to the noun ilah then it becomes al'ilah or allah, meaning 'The God or One God" and becomes a proper noun. Allah is one of those beautiful noun which is genderless noun and cannot be made into plural.
Old Testaments uses the noun eloh for god, and uses Elohim for God. Elohim is plural for the Royalty of God, just like in the Koran, when the Koran uses, "We" to denote God, which is Royalty. The Christians claimed that since Elohim is plural, so they invented the theory of trinity. Be aware of the disguised missionaries and their tactics. They translate the Holy Koran and distribute it in Muslim countries where they don't know Arabic very much and immorally and unethically try to confuse them. They translate the word, "We" in the Koran, as "We (the Father, the Word and the Holy Spirit) . Of course, by "the Word" they mean Jesus the Son/Sun.
BEWARE OF MISSIONARIES DISGUISED AS MUSLIMS AND TRY TO CONFUSE OTHER MUSLIMS WITH THEIR CHARM, KNOWLEDGE OF ARABIC, AND ALL OTHER KNOWLEDGES! BEWARE OF SATAN DISGUISED IN THE CLOTHES OF SHEEP! BEWARE!
DON'T FALL FOR THIS COMMON TRICK! BEWARE!
How to read the Koran
Allah is Royalty, and therefore when royalty address the masses, they use, We, the King have decreed......; We (God) have commanded.......
When Allah address an individual in Koran rather than the masses, then it is, He (God) told Moses ........; Instead of I (God) told Moses..., the Koran uses Allah as third person.
And, when we human address Allah in Koran, we say Allah or You.....
I have inserted in the brackets (God) to show how the above examples work!
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Why Iblis (a jinn) was with the angels. Iblis was a very good abd (servant, devoted, who loved God and walked in the straight path) of God. So to make the story short God brought Iblis close to him just like the angels. God knew Iblis' nature, knew him well and God has his own plan. Thus the name Iblis, which means despair. Iblis refused God's direct command and was cast out from the garden. There is a sect in Iraq, (half Christians, half Muslims) which worship God and almost worship Iblis by keeping him in very high esteem. To them Iblis was such a good abd that he understood God's wish and willing took the fall, as it was in God's plan, thus fulfilling the Master's wishes. As the saying goes, your wish is my command!
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Dante's Inferno Hell Test is based on Dante's Divine Comedy, which was written in the early 1300s and is a classic in Christianity. So are Milton's Paradises Lost written in 1600s and Goethe's Faust in 1909, which again are both classic in Christianity. The recent work of Pullman's His Dark Materials is based on Milton's Paradise Lost.
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Culturally and linguistically there are two types of major religions in the world.
a. Semitic (children of Noah) based such as Judaism and Islam, who believe in monotheism of God and believe that God is not a human being. Their language is Semitic and their Scripture is written in Semitic language too, both the Talmud (TaNaKh) and the Koran.
b. Zoroastrianism based such as Hindus, Buddhist and Christians, who believe in the concept of trinity and believe that God is a human being. Believe in virgin births, resurrection and dualism of God, believe in 'God the evil and God the good'. Their languages are driven from Sanskrit, such as Koin the version of Greek used to write the New Testament and the Septuagint. The Zoroastrian are Iranians the Aryans, which Hitler was hell bent to create as the only race in the world. The symbol of Nazism called the swastika was the symbol of Mithra the Aryan/Zoroastrian God.
Mohamed
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Allah is one of those beautiful noun which is genderless noun and cannot be made into plural.
"beautiful noun"??? Just like al-ilah (the god) becomes Allah (The God), al-lihatun (the gods) becomes Alihatun (The Gods). Beautiful plural. P
Old Testaments uses the noun eloh for god, and uses Elohim for God. Elohim is plural for the Royalty of God, just like in the Koran, when the Koran uses, "We" to denote God, which is Royalty. The Christians claimed that since Elohim is plural, so they invented the theory of trinity. Be aware of the disguised missionaries and their tactics. They translate the Holy Koran and distribute it in Muslim countries where they don't know Arabic very much and immorally and unethically try to confuse them. They translate the word, "We" in the Koran, as "We (the Father, the Word and the Holy Spirit) . Of course, by "the Word" they mean Jesus the Son/Sun.
How to read the Koran
Allah is Royalty, and therefore when royalty address the masses, they use, We, the King have decreed......; We (God) have commanded.......
When Allah address an individual in Koran rather than the masses, then it is, He (God) told Moses ........; Instead of I (God) told Moses..., the Koran uses Allah as third person.
And, when we human address Allah in Koran, we say Allah or You.....
Sure, when it comes to OT, their God Elohim is Royalty and becomes a plural sometimes addressing as "We", but when it comes to NT, your God Allah is also a Royalty but becomes a singular when addressing as "We".elektro It will be next to impossible for the hard-headed orthodox and extremists to understand the "We" part of Allah regardless of language. Allah is well protected.;D
In some cases (e.g. Ex. 34 ...Elohim called unto him out of the midst of the bush...), it acts as a singular noun in Hebrew grammar and is then generally understood to denote the single God of Israel. In other cases, Elohim acts as an ordinary plural of the word Eloah and refers to the polytheistic notion of multiple gods (for example, Ex. 203 Thou shalt have no other gods before me.). This may reflect the use of the word "Elohim" found in the late Bronze Age texts of Canaanite Ugarit, where Elohim ('lhm) was found to be a word denoting the entire Canaanite pantheon (the family of El , the patriarchal creator god).
In still other cases, the meaning is not clear from the text, but may refer to powerful beings (e.g. Gen. 62 the sons of Elohim saw the daughters of men that they were fair; and they took them for wives...,)
Similar situations are found in Quran but I guess it works best for most Muslims when it comes to this
BEWARE OF MISSIONARIES DISGUISED AS MUSLIMS AND TRY TO CONFUSE OTHER MUSLIMS WITH THEIR CHARM, KNOWLEDGE OF ARABIC, AND ALL OTHER KNOWLEDGES! BEWARE OF SATAN DISGUISED IN THE CLOTHES OF SHEEP! BEWARE!
DON'T FALL FOR THIS COMMON TRICK! BEWARE!