Salaam
This is my first post, so please forgive me if i do not speak as eloquently as most of you Do. I am new to this Quran only aproach aswell.
I was reading somewhere on the internet a few weeks ago, (maybe on this site actually!) that there is Quranic proof that there are 5 daily prayers. The person talked about how, in the arabic language, words can take on a singular, dual or plural forms. If i remember correctly, the person showed, from an ayat of the Quran, that the quran tells us to observe the 3 standard prayers and take particular attention "the two other prayers" or something like that.
I have found a website which says a similar thing as to what i read a few weeks ago. It too is a Quran only website.
http//www.islamrevolution.org/salaatsummary.htm
It says
17.2 Salaat has been prescribed at specific times
(4103) ?Observe the ritual prayers; indeed the ritual prayer has been decreed upon believers at specific times.
17.2.1 The Dawn prayer
(11114) And observe (O Muhammad) the ritual prayer at both extremities of the daylight (dual plural = two entities, referring to the Dawn and Sunset Quranic time frames)?
(20130) So be patient regarding what they say, and celebrate (O Muhammad) the praise(s) of your Lord before sunrise (lit. ?the rising of the sun?)?
17.2.2 Noon Prayer
(177 Observe (O Muhammad) the ritual prayer from the decline of the sun (?Duluk al shams? at Noon when the sun starts declining from its zenith) until the darkness of the night ?
(301 All praise is due to Him in the heavens and the earth In the evening as well as when you reach midday (when the sun starts declining from its zenith).
Remark ?Duluk al Shams? (?the decline of the sun? at noon in 177 cannot possibly mean ?the rubbing of the sun? (at Sunset against the line of the horizon), as some people have claimed, because the Sunset prayer has to be observed when the sun has completely disappeared behind the horizon (as it is made clear in 20130, the exact limit between the Afternoon and Sunset time frames is "the disappearance of the sun", and it frequently takes over one minute for the sun to ?rub against the line of the horizon? at sea level and disappear completely. Salaat times are perfectly precise, not an approximation.
17.2.3 Afternoon prayer
(20130) So be patient regarding what they say, and celebrate (O Muhammad) the praise(s) of your Lord before the rising of the sun (Dawn Quranic time frame) and before its disappearance (primarily the ?Afternoon? Quranic time frame)?
? The Quranic time frame directly located ?before ?the disappearance of the sun? is ?Asr (the afternoon, 1031). You cannot observe the Noon prayer in the ?Afternoon?, so the afternoon prayer is by definition included in the time period referred to as ?before the disappearance of the sun?.
? Exact same meaning in the following verse
(5039) So be patient regarding what they say, and celebrate (O Muhammad) the praise(s) of your Lord before the rising of the sun and before sunset (primarily Afternoon, but also Noon prayer).
? The Afternoon prayer is mentioned by name
(223 Preserve strictly the ritual prayers (salawat), as well as the middle prayer (Salaat al wusta), and stand up before God with humility.
? The ?Middle? prayer is the Afternoon prayer, when the course of sun reaches the ?middle? between Noon and Sunset. The ?Middle? prayer is also the middle prayer of all Five daily prayers in Islam (Dawn, Noon, Afternoon, Sunset, Night). The Quranic time frame of the Afternoon is defined as ?Al ?Asr? (G.V. 391) in 1031. There are 391 verses from 2238 to 4142 (both verses included) which refers to the Middle (Afternoon) prayer
(4142) Indeed the hypocrites seek to deceive God, but He is the one who deceives them. And when they get up (or stand up) for the ritual prayer (after the Midday nap, see 245, they get up (or stand up) lazily (indicating they were sleeping),?
17.2.4 Sunset prayer
(11114) And observe (O Muhammad) the ritual prayer at both extremities of the daylight (dual plural = two entities. Referring to Dawn and Sunset Quranic time frames)?
(20130) So be patient regarding what they say, and celebrate (O Muhammad) the praise(s) of your Lord before the rising of the sun (= Dawn prayer) and before its disappearance (Afternoon, and Noon prayers), as well as from the (first) hours of the night (= Sunset/Night prayers), and celebrate (the praise of your Lord) at the extremities (regular plural = three or more extremities) of the daylight, that you may be content.
? The limit between the Afternoon and Sunset prayers is ?the (complete) disappearance of the sun?. Once the sun has completely disappeared visually in the sky at sea level, it is time for the Sunset prayer.
17.2.5 Night prayer
? The ?Night prayer? is mentioned by name in 2458.
? 20130 above says that we shall praise God ?from the (first) hours of the night (= Sunset/Night prayers), and celebrate (the praise of your Lord) at the extremities of the daylight (regular plural = three or more extremities), that you may be content.?
? The Arabic expression which stands for ?from the (first) hours of the night? (Aanaa? llayl) is plural and describes an extended period of time that is much too short for the Sunset time frame alone described in 921 (barely an hour). Therefore ?from the (first) hours of the night? englobes both the ?Sunset? (921) and ?dark Night? (932) Quranic time frames.
Remark ?Celebrate (the praise of your Lord) at the extremities of the daylight? in 20130 is a regular plural (three or more extremities) which mirrors the dual expression ?both extremities of the daylight? (Dawn + Sunset Quranic time frames) in 11114. Therefore there are four extremities of the daylight (Crack of Dawn, Sunrise, Sunset, end of twilight), which shows that we shall observe the ritual prayer "at the extremities of the daylight
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Before the crack of dawn (Night prayer),
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Between the crack of Dawn and sunrise (Dawn prayer),
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After sunrise (Noon prayer); 1778 makes it clear there is no ritual prayer between Sunrise and Noon; the morning is the only Quranic time frame without a Salaat.
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Before Sunset (Afternoon prayer),
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From sunset until the end of the twilight (Sunset prayer),
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After the twilight (Night prayer).
This means FIVE daily ritual prayers, there is no way around it.
I hope this helps, please verify the information as well.
Allah is the Greatest, the all Powerful, and The most Merciful and Oft-Forgiving. May he forgive us for our shortcomings and what we may do out of ignorance.